Prasad L R, Massery Spicher V, Kammerlander R, Zwahlen Marcel
Department of Social & Preventive Medicine, Division of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Finkenhubelweg 11, CH-3012 Bern, Switzerland.
Swiss Med Wkly. 2007 Jan 13;137(1-2):27-32. doi: 10.4414/smw.2007.11336.
The aim of this study was to determine the prevalence of hepatitis C (HCV) infection in a sample of pregnant women living in Switzerland in 1990-1991, in order to complement existing data in various populations.
Blood samples were collected from women from consecutive births in obstetric wards in public hospitals of 23 Swiss cantons over a one-year period. They were tested, among other things, for the presence of hepatitis C virus antibodies (anti-HCV). Statistical analyses were done to explore the association of demographic variables with anti-HCV.
The study included a total of 9,057 women of whom 64 tested positive for anti-HCV, resulting in a crude prevalence of 0.71%. Prevalence varied by age and was highest in the 25-29-year age-group (0.90%). 43/5,685 Swiss women were HCV seropositive (0.76%) compared with 21/3,372 non-Swiss women (0.62%). Stratified analysis showed a significant association between anti-HCV and anti-HBc antibody positivity in Swiss (adjusted OR [aOR] 23, 95% CI 12-43) and non-Swiss nationals (aOR 3.3, 95% CI 1.3-8.3).
The prevalence of anti-HCV antibodies in the early 1990s was <1% in this sample of pregnant women in Switzerland and was associated with age, nationality and the presence of anti-HBc antibodies, a marker of exposure to hepatitis B virus. These results are in accordance with those from other published European studies. If an effective intervention to prevent vertical transmission becomes available, information on the current prevalence of HCV in pregnant women would be needed in order to assess how screening recommendations should be modified.
本研究旨在确定1990 - 1991年居住在瑞士的孕妇样本中丙型肝炎（HCV）感染的患病率，以补充不同人群的现有数据。
在一年时间内，从瑞士23个州公立医院产科病房连续分娩的妇女中采集血样。除其他检测外，还检测了丙型肝炎病毒抗体（抗 - HCV）的存在情况。进行统计分析以探讨人口统计学变量与抗 - HCV之间的关联。
该研究共纳入9057名妇女，其中64名抗 - HCV检测呈阳性，粗患病率为0.71%。患病率因年龄而异，在25 - 29岁年龄组中最高（0.90%）。5685名瑞士妇女中有43名HCV血清学阳性（0.76%），而3372名非瑞士妇女中有21名（0.62%）。分层分析显示，瑞士人（调整后的比值比[aOR]为23，95%置信区间为12 - 43）和非瑞士国民（aOR为3.3，95%置信区间为1.3 - 8.3）中抗 - HCV与抗 - HBc抗体阳性之间存在显著关联。
在20世纪90年代初，瑞士孕妇样本中抗 - HCV抗体的患病率<1%，且与年龄、国籍以及抗 - HBc抗体（乙肝病毒暴露标志物）的存在有关。这些结果与其他已发表的欧洲研究结果一致。如果有有效的预防垂直传播的干预措施，为了评估筛查建议应如何修改，将需要有关孕妇中HCV当前患病率的信息。
