Sheffler Lynne R, Chae John
Cleveland Functional Electrical Stimulation Center, Case Western Reserve University, 2500 MetroHealth Drive, Cleveland, Ohio 44109, USA.
Muscle Nerve. 2007 May;35(5):562-90. doi: 10.1002/mus.20758.
This review provides a comprehensive overview of the clinical uses of neuromuscular electrical stimulation (NMES) for functional and therapeutic applications in subjects with spinal cord injury or stroke. Functional applications refer to the use of NMES to activate paralyzed muscles in precise sequence and magnitude to directly accomplish functional tasks. In therapeutic applications, NMES may lead to a specific effect that enhances function, but does not directly provide function. The specific neuroprosthetic or "functional" applications reviewed in this article include upper- and lower-limb motor movement for self-care tasks and mobility, respectively, bladder function, and respiratory control. Specific therapeutic applications include motor relearning, reduction of hemiplegic shoulder pain, muscle strengthening, prevention of muscle atrophy, prophylaxis of deep venous thrombosis, improvement of tissue oxygenation and peripheral hemodynamic functioning, and cardiopulmonary conditioning. Perspectives on future developments and clinical applications of NMES are presented.
本综述全面概述了神经肌肉电刺激（NMES）在脊髓损伤或中风患者中的功能和治疗应用。功能应用是指利用NMES以精确的顺序和强度激活瘫痪肌肉，直接完成功能任务。在治疗应用中，NMES可能会产生增强功能的特定效果，但不会直接提供功能。本文综述的特定神经假体或“功能”应用分别包括用于自我护理任务和移动性的上肢和下肢运动、膀胱功能以及呼吸控制。特定的治疗应用包括运动再学习、减轻偏瘫肩痛、增强肌肉力量、预防肌肉萎缩、预防深静脉血栓形成、改善组织氧合和外周血流动力学功能以及心肺功能锻炼。还介绍了NMES未来发展和临床应用的前景。
