Negovetich N J, Fellis K J, Esch G W, Horak I G, Boomker J
Department of Biology, Wake Forest University, Winston-Salem, North Carolina 27109, USA.
J Parasitol. 2006 Dec;92(6):1180-90. doi: 10.1645/GE-934R.1.
The intestinal helminth parasites of the impala from the Kruger National Park, South Africa, were examined to describe the parasite community structure. Demographic variation and the associated differences in behavior were used to further investigate the patterns of community composition. Monte Carlo simulations were performed to test for differences in species richness and mean abundance between the various demographic groups, and nonmetric multidimensional scaling ordination was used to compare community composition. Seventeen species of nematodes, totaling more than 1.3 million worms, were recovered. Males harbored a greater number of nematode species than did females, but adult females were more heavily infected than their male counterparts. Lambs acquired infections early in life, and their parasite community composition rapidly approached that of the older animals. The parasite community in the juvenile and adult males was significantly different from the community of the adult females. These data suggest that social and feeding behavior of the different age-sex classes structure the parasite component community of impala. Additionally, the distinction between common and rare parasites, and their classification in other herbivores, implies complex transmission dynamics that includes extensive species sharing within the Kruger National Park.
对来自南非克鲁格国家公园的黑斑羚肠道蠕虫寄生虫进行了检查，以描述寄生虫群落结构。利用种群统计学差异及相关行为差异进一步研究群落组成模式。进行了蒙特卡罗模拟，以检验不同种群统计学组之间物种丰富度和平均丰度的差异，并使用非度量多维标度排序来比较群落组成。共发现17种线虫，总数超过130万条。雄性体内的线虫种类比雌性多，但成年雌性比雄性感染更严重。羔羊在生命早期就受到感染，其寄生虫群落组成迅速接近年长动物。幼年和成年雄性的寄生虫群落与成年雌性的群落有显著差异。这些数据表明，不同年龄-性别类别的社会和摄食行为构成了黑斑羚寄生虫组成群落的结构。此外，常见寄生虫和稀有寄生虫之间的区别及其在其他食草动物中的分类，意味着复杂的传播动态，包括克鲁格国家公园内广泛的物种共享。
