Matsunaga Tadashi, Suzuki Takeyuki, Tanaka Masayoshi, Arakaki Atsushi
Department of Biotechnology, Tokyo University of Agriculture and Technology, Koganei, Tokyo 184-8588, Japan.
Trends Biotechnol. 2007 Apr;25(4):182-8. doi: 10.1016/j.tibtech.2007.02.002. Epub 2007 Feb 15.
Biomineralization is an elaborate process that produces complex nano-structures consisting of organic and inorganic components of uniform size and highly ordered morphology that self-assemble into structures in a hierarchical manner. Magnetotactic bacteria synthesize nano-sized magnetite crystals that are highly consistent in size and morphology within bacterial species; each particle is surrounded by a thin organic membrane, which facilitates their use for various biotechnological applications. Recent molecular studies, including mutagenesis, whole genome, transcriptome and comprehensive proteome analyses, have elucidated the processes important to bacterial magnetite formation. Some of the genes and proteins identified from these studies have enabled us, through genetic engineering, to express proteins efficiently, with their activity preserved, onto bacterial magnetic particles, leading to the simple preparation of functional protein-magnetic particle complexes. This review describes the recent advances in the fundamental analysis of bacterial magnetic particles and the development of surface-protein-modified magnetic particles for biotechnological applications.
生物矿化是一个复杂的过程，它产生由有机和无机成分组成的复杂纳米结构，这些成分尺寸均匀且形态高度有序，以分级方式自组装成结构。趋磁细菌合成纳米级磁铁矿晶体，这些晶体在细菌物种内尺寸和形态高度一致；每个颗粒都被一层薄有机膜包围，这便于它们用于各种生物技术应用。最近的分子研究，包括诱变、全基因组、转录组和综合蛋白质组分析，已经阐明了对细菌磁铁矿形成重要的过程。从这些研究中鉴定出的一些基因和蛋白质使我们能够通过基因工程将蛋白质高效表达在细菌磁性颗粒上，并保留其活性，从而简单地制备功能性蛋白质-磁性颗粒复合物。本综述描述了细菌磁性颗粒基础分析的最新进展以及用于生物技术应用的表面蛋白质修饰磁性颗粒的开发。
