McIntosh Jean, Runciman Phil
Community Nursing Research, Glasgow Caledonian University, 70 Cowcaddens Road, Glasgow, Scotland G4 0BA, UK.
Int J Nurs Stud. 2008 May;45(5):714-26. doi: 10.1016/j.ijnurstu.2006.12.012. Epub 2007 Feb 16.
Advances in therapeutics and the increasing survival rate among premature infants means that more parents now have to adapt to caring at home for children with special health needs. Community paediatric nurses require a wide range of specialist skills and the concept of partnership appears to be foundational to their care of parents and children.
Drawing on data gathered during the course of two service evaluations of community paediatric nursing care of children with special health needs, this paper explores the extent to which a concept analysis of partnership can be verified empirically.
In-depth interviews were carried out with parents, a range of professionals and members of different agencies who received training from the nursing team. The sample comprised 17 parents and 20 professionals.
Respect for parental routine was strongly evidenced in both areas, was highly valued in the training of carers and contributed to mothers' confidence. Parents acknowledged that nurses' interactional strategies engendered trust, demonstrated respect for them and empathy for their child. These features of care resonate strongly with partnership attributes identified in the conceptual analysis. Nursing support of parents demonstrated a deep understanding of different styles of adult learning, of how to alleviate psychological and emotional stress and of parental vulnerability. In addition, there was evidence of extensive partnership working across health and social care boundaries. The findings demonstrated the wide range of such collaboration, the time necessary to make it work and the benefit that accrues to the families.
It was possible to make empirical links with the partnership attributes identified in the concept analysis although the data highlight the complexity of some of the individual attributes. While there may be overlap between professional-parent partnership and partnership at the level of service co-ordination, there may also be important differences which merit further enquiry. In terms of policy and practice, findings suggest that partnership in the community setting is central to effective service delivery but is knowledge, skill and resource intensive.
治疗方法的进步以及早产儿存活率的提高意味着现在更多的父母不得不适应在家照顾有特殊健康需求的孩子。社区儿科护士需要广泛的专业技能，而伙伴关系的概念似乎是他们照顾父母和孩子的基础。
本文利用在两项针对有特殊健康需求儿童的社区儿科护理服务评估过程中收集的数据，探讨伙伴关系概念分析在多大程度上可以通过实证得到验证。
对接受护理团队培训的父母、一系列专业人员以及不同机构的成员进行了深入访谈。样本包括17名父母和20名专业人员。
在这两个领域，尊重父母的日常生活安排都有充分体现，在照顾者培训中受到高度重视，并有助于增强母亲的信心。父母承认护士的互动策略能产生信任，表现出对他们的尊重以及对其孩子的同理心。这些护理特点与概念分析中确定的伙伴关系属性高度契合。护士对父母的支持体现了对不同成人学习方式、如何减轻心理和情感压力以及父母脆弱性的深刻理解。此外，有证据表明在健康和社会护理领域存在广泛的伙伴合作关系。研究结果表明了这种合作的广泛程度、使其发挥作用所需的时间以及给家庭带来的益处。
尽管数据突出了某些个体属性的复杂性，但仍有可能将其与概念分析中确定的伙伴关系属性建立实证联系。虽然专业人员与父母之间的伙伴关系和服务协调层面的伙伴关系可能存在重叠，但也可能存在值得进一步探究的重要差异。在政策和实践方面，研究结果表明社区环境中的伙伴关系是有效服务提供的核心，但需要知识、技能和资源的大量投入。
