Hayward Chris, Wilson Kimberly A
Stanford University, CA 94305-5722, USA.
Behav Modif. 2007 Mar;31(2):162-73. doi: 10.1177/0145445506297015.
This article reviews the controversy surrounding the diagnosis of agoraphobia without panic attacks and proposes a key role for anxiety sensitivity in explaining agoraphobic avoidance among those who have never experienced panic. Although rare in clinical samples, agoraphobia without panic is commonly observed in population-based surveys, including more recent studies in which misclassification bias is addressed. Differential treatment seeking may partially explain these discrepant findings; however, it remains unclear why agoraphobic avoidance develops in the absence of panic. Because anxiety sensitivity is a dispositional analogue of panic, it is proposed that high anxiety sensitivity is a risk factor for agoraphobic avoidance in the absence of frank panic attacks. Preliminary evidence to support this contention is reviewed.
本文回顾了围绕无惊恐发作的广场恐惧症诊断的争议，并提出焦虑敏感性在解释从未经历过惊恐发作的人群中的广场恐惧性回避方面起着关键作用。虽然在临床样本中很少见，但无惊恐的广场恐惧症在基于人群的调查中很常见，包括最近解决了错误分类偏差的研究。寻求差异治疗可能部分解释了这些不一致的发现；然而，尚不清楚为什么在没有惊恐发作的情况下会出现广场恐惧性回避。由于焦虑敏感性是惊恐发作的一种特质类似物，因此有人提出，高焦虑敏感性是在没有明显惊恐发作的情况下发生广场恐惧性回避的一个危险因素。本文回顾了支持这一论点的初步证据。
