Campbell G R, Campbell J H
Centre for Research in Vascular Biology, Department of Anatomy and Developmental Biology, School of Biomedical Sciences, Otto Hirschfeld Building, Room 513, University of Queensland, Brisbane, Queensland, 4072, Australia.
Curr Pharm Biotechnol. 2007 Feb;8(1):43-50. doi: 10.2174/138920107779941426.
Vascular bypass grafting is a commonly performed procedure for ischemic heart disease and peripheral vascular disease. However, approximately one in fourteen patients do not have suitable autologous arteries or veins available for grafting. Synthetic vascular grafts were introduced in the 1960s to overcome these problems, but while they perform adequately in high-flow, large-diameter vessel settings they are generally not suited to low-flow, small-diameter vessels. Tissue engineering is a relatively new discipline that offers the potential to create replacement structures from autologous cells and biodegradable polymer scaffolds. Because tissue engineering constructs contain living cells, they may have the potential to grow, self-repair, and self-remodel. Therefore, recently there has been much interest in the use of this technique to produce low-flow small-diameter arteries. The latest and most exciting developments in this area involve the use of multipotent stem cells as a cell source for tissue engineering of vascular grafts (both in vivo and in vitro).
血管搭桥术是治疗缺血性心脏病和外周血管疾病的常见手术。然而，大约每十四名患者中就有一名没有合适的自体动脉或静脉用于搭桥。20世纪60年代引入了合成血管移植物以克服这些问题，但尽管它们在高流量、大直径血管环境中表现良好，但通常不适用于低流量、小直径血管。组织工程是一门相对较新的学科，它提供了从自体细胞和可生物降解聚合物支架创建替代结构的潜力。由于组织工程构建体包含活细胞，它们可能具有生长、自我修复和自我重塑的潜力。因此，最近人们对使用这种技术来制造低流量小直径动脉产生了浓厚兴趣。该领域最新且最令人兴奋的进展涉及使用多能干细胞作为血管移植物组织工程的细胞来源（包括体内和体外）。
