Herr Bruce W, Huang Weixia, Penumarthy Shashikant, Börner Katy
School of Library and Information Science, Indiana University, Bloomington, Indiana 47405, USA.
Ann N Y Acad Sci. 2006 Dec;1093:161-79. doi: 10.1196/annals.1382.013.
This article presents the results of a 7-year-long quest into the development of a "dream tool" for our research in information science and scientometrics and more recently, network science. The results are two cyberinfrastructures (CI): The Cyberinfrastructure for Information Visualization and the Network Workbench that enjoy a growing national and interdisciplinary user community. Both CIs use the cyberinfrastructure shell (CIShell) software specification, which defines interfaces between data sets and algorithms/services and provides a means to bundle them into powerful tools and (Web) services. In fact, CIShell might be our major contribution to progress in convergence. Just as Wikipedia is an "empty shell" that empowers lay persons to share text, a CIShell implementation is an "empty shell" that empowers user communities to plug-and-play, share, compare and combine data sets, algorithms, and compute resources across national and disciplinary boundaries. It is argued here that CIs will not only transform the way science is conducted but also will play a major role in the diffusion of expertise, data sets, algorithms, and technologies across multiple disciplines and business sectors leading to a more integrative science.
本文展示了一项长达7年探索的成果，旨在开发一种“理想工具”，用于我们在信息科学、科学计量学以及最近的网络科学领域的研究。成果是两个网络基础设施（CI）：信息可视化网络基础设施和网络工作台，它们拥有不断壮大的全国性和跨学科用户群体。这两个CI都使用网络基础设施外壳（CIShell）软件规范，该规范定义了数据集与算法/服务之间的接口，并提供了一种将它们捆绑成强大工具和（网络）服务的方法。事实上，CIShell可能是我们对融合发展的主要贡献。正如维基百科是一个使普通人能够共享文本的“空壳”一样，CIShell实现是一个使用户群体能够跨国家和学科界限即插即用、共享、比较和组合数据集、算法及计算资源的“空壳”。本文认为，网络基础设施不仅将改变科学研究的方式，还将在跨多个学科和商业领域传播专业知识、数据集、算法和技术方面发挥重要作用，从而带来更具综合性的科学。
