Liu Yusen, Shepherd Edward G, Nelin Leif D
Center for Perinatal Research, Columbus Children's Research Institute, Columbus Children's Hospital, Department of Pediatrics, The Ohio State University College of Medicine, Columbus, Ohio 43205, USA.
Nat Rev Immunol. 2007 Mar;7(3):202-12. doi: 10.1038/nri2035.
Mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) phosphatases (MKPs) are protein phosphatases that dephosphorylate both the phosphothreonine and phosphotyrosine residues on activated MAPKs. Removal of the phosphates renders MAPKs inactive, effectively halting their cellular function. In recent years, evidence has emerged that, similar to MAPKs, MKPs are pivotal in the regulation of immune responses. By deactivating MAPKs, MKPs can modulate both innate and adaptive immunity. A number of immunomodulatory agents have been found to influence the expression of MKP1 in particular, highlighting the central role of this phosphatase in immune regulation. This Review discusses the properties, function and regulation of MKPs during immune responses.
丝裂原活化蛋白激酶（MAPK）磷酸酶（MKP）是一种蛋白磷酸酶，可使活化的MAPK上的磷酸苏氨酸和磷酸酪氨酸残基去磷酸化。去除磷酸基团会使MAPK失活，从而有效终止其细胞功能。近年来，有证据表明，与MAPK类似，MKP在免疫反应调节中起关键作用。通过使MAPK失活，MKP可以调节先天性免疫和适应性免疫。已发现许多免疫调节剂尤其会影响MKP1的表达，突出了这种磷酸酶在免疫调节中的核心作用。本综述讨论了免疫反应过程中MKP的特性、功能和调节。
