Xu Xuan, Song Huayu, Wu Huicai, Zhang Lu, Lin Fengjun, Chen Chonghui, Zhang Xiaoxu, Liu Yiying, Li Chao, Fu Qiang
Qingdao Conson Oceantec Valley Development Co., Ltd, Qingdao, 266237, China.
School of Marine Science and Engineering, Qingdao Agricultural University, Qingdao, 266109, China.
Mar Biotechnol (NY). 2025 Apr 28;27(3):78. doi: 10.1007/s10126-025-10453-w.
Aquaculture vessels have emerged as a sustainable alternative to traditional offshore aquaculture. However, the biological impacts of protective coatings used for vessel interiors are still poorly understood. This study assessed acute stress responses of Larimichthys crocea to epoxy-based aquaculture coatings using actual culture (1-fold) and high-exposure (80-fold) concentrations. Liver analyses included antioxidant enzymes, histopathology, and transcriptomics over 12-96 h. Firstly, the effect of the 80-fold concentration group on the activities of catalase (CAT), superoxide dismutase (SOD), and peroxidase (POD) was more significant in the liver of L. crocea compared to the 1-fold concentration group. Similarly, histological observations revealed that the 80-fold concentration group produced more significant pathological changes in the liver than the 1-fold concentration group, including hepatocyte damage and vacuolization. Subsequently, through high-throughput sequencing, a total of 714.02 million clean reads were obtained, with 693.71 million of these reads successfully mapped onto the reference genome of L. crocea, identifying 13,709 differentially expressed genes (DEGs). KEGG pathway enrichment analysis showed that many DEGs following coating-treated were involved in protein processing in endoplasmic reticulum, oxidative phosphorylation, cytokine-cytokine receptor interaction, FoxO signaling pathway, and toll-like receptor signaling pathway. Finally, fifteen DEGs were selected for quantitative real-time PCR (qRT-PCR) analysis, and the results showed a significant correlation with RNA-seq results, verifying the reliability and accuracy of the high-throughput sequencing data. This study preliminarily revealed the stress responses induced by aquaculture vessel coatings in L. crocea and provided fundamental data into the scientific use of coatings on aquaculture vessels.
水产养殖船已成为传统近海养殖的可持续替代方案。然而，用于船舱内部的防护涂层的生物学影响仍知之甚少。本研究使用实际养殖浓度（1倍）和高暴露浓度（80倍）评估了大黄鱼对环氧基水产养殖涂层的急性应激反应。肝脏分析包括12至96小时内的抗氧化酶、组织病理学和转录组学。首先，与1倍浓度组相比，80倍浓度组对大黄鱼肝脏中过氧化氢酶（CAT）、超氧化物歧化酶（SOD）和过氧化物酶（POD）活性的影响更为显著。同样，组织学观察表明，80倍浓度组肝脏中的病理变化比1倍浓度组更显著，包括肝细胞损伤和空泡化。随后，通过高通量测序，共获得7.1402亿条clean reads，其中6.9371亿条reads成功映射到大黄鱼的参考基因组上，鉴定出13709个差异表达基因（DEG）。KEGG通路富集分析表明，涂层处理后的许多DEG参与内质网中的蛋白质加工、氧化磷酸化、细胞因子-细胞因子受体相互作用、FoxO信号通路和Toll样受体信号通路。最后，选择15个DEG进行定量实时PCR（qRT-PCR）分析，结果与RNA-seq结果显著相关，验证了高通量测序数据的可靠性和准确性。本研究初步揭示了水产养殖船涂层对大黄鱼诱导的应激反应，并为水产养殖船涂层的科学使用提供了基础数据。
