Gaugler C, Marlier L, Messer J
Service de Pédiatrie-2, Centre Hospitalier Régional Universitaire de Hautepierre, 1, avenue Molière, 67098 Strasbourg, France.
Arch Pediatr. 2007 May;14(5):485-9. doi: 10.1016/j.arcped.2007.01.013. Epub 2007 Feb 22.
Idiopathic apneas of prematurity remain an alarming problem in neonatology. Long-term effects on neurological development cannot be excluded. Two principal treatments are currently applied to prevent apneic attacks: analeptics (methylxanthines and doxapram) and continuous positive airway pressure. Several studies suggest the use of sensory stimulations for curative or preventive treatments. Protocols of tactile, kinesthetic and auditory stimulations are described and their respective efficacy is discussed. We also resume a recent preliminary study which suggested the use of an olfactory stimulation as preventive treatment. A beneficial effect, specifically on apnea associated with severe bradycardia, was observed. Complementary studies are necessary to confirm the benefit of such sensory stimulations for apneas of prematurity, and, if so, to allow clinical applications.
早产特发性呼吸暂停仍是新生儿学中一个令人担忧的问题。不能排除其对神经发育的长期影响。目前主要采用两种治疗方法来预防呼吸暂停发作：兴奋药（甲基黄嘌呤和多沙普仑）和持续气道正压通气。多项研究表明可使用感觉刺激进行治疗或预防。文中描述了触觉、动觉和听觉刺激方案，并讨论了它们各自的疗效。我们还回顾了一项近期的初步研究，该研究建议使用嗅觉刺激作为预防性治疗。观察到了其对重度心动过缓相关呼吸暂停的有益作用。需要进行补充研究以证实此类感觉刺激对早产呼吸暂停的益处，若有益，则可应用于临床。
