Boutsioukis C, Lambrianidis T, Kastrinakis E, Bekiaroglou P
Department of Endodontology, Dental School, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, Thessaloniki, Greece.
Int Endod J. 2007 Jul;40(7):504-13. doi: 10.1111/j.1365-2591.2007.01244.x. Epub 2007 Feb 27.
To monitor ex vivo intra-canal irrigation with three endodontic needles (25, 27 and 30 gauge) and compare them in terms of irrigant flow rate, intra-barrel pressure, duration of irrigation and volume of irrigant delivered.
A testing system was constructed to allow measurement of selected variables with pressure and displacement transducers during ex vivo intra-canal irrigation with a syringe and three different needles (groups A, B, C) into a prepared root canal. Ten specialist endodontists performed the irrigation procedure. Each operator performed ten procedures with each needle. Data recorded by the transducers were analysed using Friedman's test, Wilcoxon Signed Rank test, Mann-Whitney U-test and Kendall's T(b) test. The level of significance was set to 95%.
Significant differences were detected among the three needles for most variables. Duration of delivery and flow rates significantly decreased as the needle diameter increased, whilst pressure increased up to 400-550 kPa. Gender of the operator had a significant impact on the results. Experience of the operators (years) were negatively correlated to volume of irrigant (all groups), to the duration of delivery (groups A, B) and to the average flow rate (group A).
Finer diameter needles require increased effort to deliver the irrigant and result in higher intra-barrel pressure. The syringe and needles used tolerated the pressure developed. Irrigant flow rate should be considered as a factor directly influencing flow beyond the needle. Wide variations of flow rate were observed among operators. Syringe irrigation appears difficult to standardize and control.
使用三种根管治疗针（25号、27号和30号）监测根管内体外冲洗情况，并在冲洗液流速、针筒内压力、冲洗持续时间和冲洗液输送量方面对它们进行比较。
构建一个测试系统，以便在使用注射器和三种不同的针（A组、B组、C组）对预备好的根管进行体外根管内冲洗期间，用压力和位移传感器测量选定的变量。十位专科牙髓病医生进行冲洗操作。每位操作者使用每种针进行十次操作。使用弗里德曼检验、威尔科克森符号秩检验、曼 - 惠特尼U检验和肯德尔T(b)检验对传感器记录的数据进行分析。显著性水平设定为95%。
对于大多数变量，三种针之间检测到显著差异。随着针直径增大，输送持续时间和流速显著降低，而压力增加至400 - 550千帕。操作者的性别对结果有显著影响。操作者的经验（年数）与冲洗液量（所有组）、输送持续时间（A组、B组）和平均流速（A组）呈负相关。
较细直径的针输送冲洗液需要更大的力度，并导致更高的针筒内压力。所使用的注射器和针能够承受产生的压力。冲洗液流速应被视为直接影响针外冲洗液流动的一个因素。在操作者之间观察到流速有很大差异。注射器冲洗似乎难以标准化和控制。
