成功衰老模型综述：提出积极应对作为一项重要的补充策略。

A review of successful aging models: proposing proactive coping as an important additional strategy.

作者信息

Ouwehand Carolijn, de Ridder Denise T D, Bensing Jozien M

机构信息

Department of Health Psychology, Utrecht University, Utrecht, The Netherlands.

出版信息

Clin Psychol Rev. 2007 Dec;27(8):873-84. doi: 10.1016/j.cpr.2006.11.003. Epub 2007 Jan 24.

DOI:10.1016/j.cpr.2006.11.003

PMID:17328997

Abstract

Successful aging is an important concept, and one that has been the subject of much research. During the last 15 years, the emphasis of this research has shifted from formulating criteria for successful aging to describing the processes involved in successful aging. The main purpose of the present article is to review psychological models of successful aging. The model of Selective Optimization with Compensation (SOC-model) proves to be one of the leading models in this field. Although evidence about its value is accumulating, we argue that this model mainly focuses on how people react to losses and that proactive coping aimed at preventing potential threats to goals may also be a valuable strategy. We propose that proactive coping may be important for successful aging, since it results in a prolonged availability of resources for optimization and compensation processes and a delay in disengagement from important goals.

摘要

成功老龄化是一个重要概念，也是众多研究的主题。在过去15年里，这项研究的重点已从制定成功老龄化的标准转向描述成功老龄化所涉及的过程。本文的主要目的是回顾成功老龄化的心理学模型。选择性最优化与补偿模型（SOC模型）被证明是该领域的主导模型之一。尽管关于其价值的证据在不断积累，但我们认为该模型主要关注人们如何应对损失，而旨在预防目标潜在威胁的积极应对也可能是一种有价值的策略。我们提出，积极应对对于成功老龄化可能很重要，因为它能延长用于优化和补偿过程的资源可用性，并延缓从重要目标中脱离出来。