Shergill Sukhwinder S, Kanaan Richard A, Chitnis Xavier A, O'Daly Owen, Jones Derek K, Frangou Sophia, Williams Steven C R, Howard Robert J, Barker Gareth J, Murray Robin M, McGuire Philip
Institute of Psychiatry, Kings College London, De Crespigny Park, UK.
Am J Psychiatry. 2007 Mar;164(3):467-73. doi: 10.1176/ajp.2007.164.3.467.
Cognitive models propose that the symptoms and psychological impairments associated with schizophrenia arise as a consequence of impaired communication between brain regions, especially the prefrontal cortex and the temporal and parietal lobes. Functional imaging and electrophysiological data have provided evidence of functional dysconnectivity, but it is unclear whether this reflects an underlying problem with anatomical connectivity. This study used diffusion tensor imaging to examine the integrity of the major white matter fasciculi, which connects the frontal and temporal-parietal cortices, and the corpus callosum in patients with schizophrenia.
A 1.5-T magnetic resonance scanner was used to acquire diffusion tensor images giving whole brain coverage at an isotropic 2.5-mm voxel size. Fractional anisotropy was measured in 33 patients with schizophrenia and 40 healthy comparison subjects with an automated voxel-based method of analysis.
There was reduced fractional anisotropy in patients with schizophrenia in regions corresponding to the superior longitudinal fasciculi bilaterally and in the genu of the corpus callosum. However, within the patient group, the propensity to experience auditory hallucinations was associated with relatively increased fractional anisotropy in superior longitudinal fasciculi and in the anterior cingulum.
Schizophrenia is associated with altered white matter integrity in the tracts connecting the frontal cortex with the temporal and parietal cortices and with the contralateral frontal and temporal lobes. The severity of these changes may vary with the pattern of symptoms associated with the disorder.
认知模型提出，与精神分裂症相关的症状和心理障碍是大脑区域之间，尤其是前额叶皮质与颞叶和顶叶之间沟通受损的结果。功能成像和电生理数据已提供了功能失调连接的证据，但尚不清楚这是否反映了解剖连接方面的潜在问题。本研究使用扩散张量成像来检查精神分裂症患者中连接额叶与颞顶叶皮质的主要白质束以及胼胝体的完整性。
使用一台1.5-T磁共振扫描仪以各向同性2.5毫米体素大小获取覆盖全脑的扩散张量图像。采用基于体素的自动分析方法，对33例精神分裂症患者和40名健康对照者测量分数各向异性。
精神分裂症患者双侧上纵束和胼胝体膝部相应区域的分数各向异性降低。然而，在患者组中，出现幻听的倾向与上纵束和前扣带中分数各向异性相对增加有关。
精神分裂症与连接额叶皮质与颞叶和顶叶皮质以及对侧额叶和颞叶的白质完整性改变有关。这些变化的严重程度可能因与该疾病相关的症状模式而异。
