Daubenberger Claudia A
Swiss Tropical Institute, Department of Medical Parasitology and Infection Biology, Socinstrasse 57, 4002 Basel, Switzerland.
Curr Opin Mol Ther. 2007 Feb;9(1):45-52.
Distinct immune responses are required for efficient elimination of different pathogens. Programming of the desired type of immune response by safe non-replicating vaccines requires suitable vaccine adjuvants that determine the magnitude and quality of immune responses elicited. Unfortunately, rational vaccine design with a logical choice of adjuvants is hampered by a lack of knowledge about the mechanism(s) of adjuvant activity. Synthetic natural and non-natural oligodeoxynucleotides containing specific motifs centered on a CpG dinucleotide are potent immunostimulatory agents through their binding to toll-like receptor 9 (TLR9). The evolutionary conservation of TLR9 function and the broad therapeutic potential of CpG oligodeoxynucleotides make them of considerable interest for use in human and veterinary medicine. Recent advances in the development and utility of TLR9 agonists in prophylactic or therapeutic vaccines against infectious diseases are focused on.
有效清除不同病原体需要不同的免疫反应。通过安全的非复制型疫苗来规划所需的免疫反应类型，需要合适的疫苗佐剂，这些佐剂可决定所引发免疫反应的强度和质量。遗憾的是，由于缺乏对佐剂活性机制的了解，合理选择佐剂进行疫苗设计受到了阻碍。含有以CpG二核苷酸为中心的特定基序的合成天然和非天然寡脱氧核苷酸，通过与Toll样受体9（TLR9）结合，是强效的免疫刺激剂。TLR9功能的进化保守性以及CpG寡脱氧核苷酸广泛的治疗潜力，使其在人类和兽医学中的应用备受关注。本文重点介绍了TLR9激动剂在针对传染病的预防性或治疗性疫苗开发及应用方面的最新进展。
