Al-Samarraie Muhammad, Khiabani Hassan Z, Opdal Mimi Stokke
Divisjon for rettstoksikologi og rusmiddelforskning Nasjonalt folkehelseinstitutt Postboks 4404 Nydalen 0403 Oslo.
Tidsskr Nor Laegeforen. 2007 Mar 1;127(5):574-6.
The stimulating drug, Khat, is a drug of abuse that has become known in Norway due to increased immigration from East-Africa, especially Somalia.
Review of recent literature.
Khat is present in leaves from the tree Catha Edulis and is taken by chewing the leaves. The biologically active compounds are cathinone, cathine and norephedrine. Analysis of cathinone in urine can be performed at the Norwegian Institute of Public Health. The effects of khat are similar to, but weaker than those of amphetamine. Khat stimulates the central nervous system causing increased alertness, euphoria and occasionally psychosis, and increases activity in the peripheral sympathetic nervous system leading to palpitations, increased blood pressure, large pupils and red eyes. Tannin in khat damages teeth and causes constipation. With increased use of khat in the society it is important for the clinician to have some knowledge of the effects of khat.
刺激性药物巧茶是一种滥用药物，由于来自东非尤其是索马里的移民增加，在挪威为人所知。
回顾近期文献。
巧茶存在于巧茶属植物的叶子中，通过咀嚼叶子来摄入。生物活性化合物是卡西酮、去甲伪麻黄碱和去甲麻黄碱。挪威公共卫生研究所可对尿液中的卡西酮进行分析。巧茶的作用与安非他明相似，但较弱。巧茶刺激中枢神经系统，导致警觉性提高、欣快感，偶尔还会引发精神病，并增加外周交感神经系统的活动，导致心悸、血压升高、瞳孔放大和眼睛发红。巧茶中的单宁会损害牙齿并导致便秘。随着社会上巧茶使用的增加，临床医生了解巧茶的作用很重要。
