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宣布南非西布杜洞穴的斯蒂尔湾产业。

Announcing a Still Bay industry at Sibudu Cave, South Africa.

作者信息

Wadley Lyn

机构信息

Archaeology Department, School of Geography, Archaeology and Environmental Studies, University of the Witwatersrand, Private Bag 3, WITS 2050, South Africa.

出版信息

J Hum Evol. 2007 Jun;52(6):681-9. doi: 10.1016/j.jhevol.2007.01.002. Epub 2007 Jan 27.

Abstract

Sibudu Cave in KwaZulu-Natal, South Africa, has a long Middle Stone Age (MSA) sequence with good organic preservation. The uppermost MSA sequence includes industries attributed to the final and late MSA and the Howiesons Poort. Below the Howiesons Poort are two layers containing some thin, bifacial lanceolate points, mostly in the form of distal and proximal fragments. These double-pointed foliates are the fossile directeur of the Still Bay Industry, and importantly, this Sibudu industry provides confirmation that the Still Bay predates the Howiesons Poort Industry. Technologically, the points from Sibudu are comparable to those from other South African sites with Still Bay occurrences (e.g., Blombos Cave and Hollow Rock Shelter). Although dating of the Sibudu Still Bay is preliminary, its age falls within the range of that at Blombos. For the past two decades, archaeologists have rejected the idea of a Still Bay Industry occurring outside of the Western Cape, but the Still Bay at Sibudu shows that this industry was, indeed, geographically widespread.

摘要

南非夸祖鲁 - 纳塔尔省的西布杜洞穴拥有漫长的中石器时代(MSA)序列,且有机物保存完好。最上层的MSA序列包括归属于晚期和末期MSA以及豪伊森斯·波特文化的工业遗迹。在豪伊森斯·波特文化层之下有两层,包含一些薄的双面叶形尖状器,大多为远端和近端碎片的形式。这些双尖叶形器是斯蒂尔湾文化的标志性化石,重要的是,西布杜的这一文化遗迹证实了斯蒂尔湾文化早于豪伊森斯·波特文化。从技术层面来看,西布杜的尖状器与其他有斯蒂尔湾文化遗迹的南非遗址(如布隆伯斯洞穴和霍洛克斯岩棚)的尖状器相当。尽管对西布杜斯蒂尔湾文化层的年代测定尚属初步,但它的年代与布隆伯斯的年代范围相符。在过去的二十年里,考古学家一直否认斯蒂尔湾文化存在于西开普省以外的地区,但西布杜的斯蒂尔湾文化表明,这一文化在地理上确实分布广泛。

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