Calabresi Paolo, Galletti Francesca, Rossi Cristiana, Sarchielli Paola, Cupini Letizia M
Clinica Neurologica, Università degli Studi di Perugia, Ospedale S. Maria della Misericordia, Perugia 06156, Italy.
Trends Pharmacol Sci. 2007 Apr;28(4):188-95. doi: 10.1016/j.tips.2007.02.005. Epub 2007 Mar 6.
Migraine and epilepsy share several clinical features, and epilepsy is a comorbid condition of migraine. Clinical studies have shown that some antiepileptic drugs are effective at preventing migraine attacks. A rationale for their use in migraine prophylaxis is the hypothesis that migraine and epilepsy share several common pathogenetic mechanisms. An imbalance between excitatory glutamate-mediated transmission and GABA-mediated inhibition in specific brain areas has been postulated in these two pathological conditions. Moreover, abnormal activation of voltage-operated ionic channels has been implicated in both migraine and epilepsy. Cortical spreading depression has been found to be involved in the pathophysiology of epilepsy, in addition to the generation of migraine aura.
偏头痛和癫痫有若干共同的临床特征，癫痫是偏头痛的一种共病情况。临床研究表明，一些抗癫痫药物在预防偏头痛发作方面有效。其用于偏头痛预防的一个理论依据是，偏头痛和癫痫具有若干共同的发病机制这一假说。在这两种病理状况中，均假定在特定脑区兴奋性谷氨酸介导的传递与γ-氨基丁酸（GABA）介导的抑制之间存在失衡。此外，电压门控离子通道的异常激活与偏头痛和癫痫均有关联。除了偏头痛先兆的产生外，还发现皮质扩散性抑制参与癫痫的病理生理过程。
