Oberman Lindsay M, Ramachandran Vilayanur S
Center for Brain and Cognition, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA 92093, USA.
Psychol Bull. 2007 Mar;133(2):310-27. doi: 10.1037/0033-2909.133.2.310.
The mechanism by which humans perceive others differs greatly from how humans perceive inanimate objects. Unlike inanimate objects, humans have the distinct property of being "like me" in the eyes of the observer. This allows us to use the same systems that process knowledge about self-performed actions, self-conceived thoughts, and self-experienced emotions to understand actions, thoughts, and emotions in others. The authors propose that internal simulation mechanisms, such as the mirror neuron system, are necessary for normal development of recognition, imitation, theory of mind, empathy, and language. Additionally, the authors suggest that dysfunctional simulation mechanisms may underlie the social and communicative deficits seen in individuals with autism spectrum disorders.
人类感知他人的机制与人类感知无生命物体的方式有很大不同。与无生命物体不同，在观察者眼中，人类具有“像我”这一独特属性。这使我们能够使用与处理关于自身执行的动作、自身构想的想法和自身体验的情感的相同系统，去理解他人的动作、想法和情感。作者提出，诸如镜像神经元系统等内部模拟机制，对于识别、模仿、心理理论、同理心和语言的正常发展是必要的。此外，作者认为功能失调的模拟机制可能是自闭症谱系障碍患者出现社交和沟通缺陷的潜在原因。
