May Jenny
University Department of Rural Health Northern NSW, University of Newcastle, New South Wales, Australia.
Aust Fam Physician. 2007 Mar;36(3):106-11.
In 2006, the world's first quadrivalent human papillomavirus (HPV) vaccine (Gardasil) was made available to the Australian public. The quadrivalent HPV vaccine protects against cervical cancer, cervical abnormalities, and genital warts related to HPV types 6, 11, 16 and 18. General practitioners play a vital role in preventive medicine and as such should have a good understanding of the vaccine and its role in the primary prevention of cervical cancer and precancers.
This article provides an overview of the HPV vaccine including efficacy and safety as it relates to its approved use in Australia.
The vaccine (Gardasil) is quadrivalent, providing protection against HPV types 6, 11, 16 and 18. These HPV types represent a significant burden on public health as they are responsible for 70% of cervical cancers, a substantial proportion of cervical abnormalities, and 90% of genital warts. The quadrivalent HPV vaccine (Gardasil) is indicated for females aged 9-26 years and males aged 9-15 years and should ideally be administered before the onset of sexual activity, however sexually active patients will also benefit.
2006年，世界上第一种四价人乳头瘤病毒（HPV）疫苗（佳达修）在澳大利亚公众中上市。四价HPV疫苗可预防宫颈癌、宫颈异常以及与6、11、16和18型HPV相关的尖锐湿疣。全科医生在预防医学中发挥着至关重要的作用，因此应该对该疫苗及其在宫颈癌和癌前病变一级预防中的作用有充分的了解。
本文概述了HPV疫苗在澳大利亚获批使用时的疗效和安全性。
该疫苗（佳达修）为四价，可预防6、11、16和18型HPV。这些HPV类型给公共卫生带来了重大负担，因为它们导致了70%的宫颈癌、相当比例的宫颈异常以及90%的尖锐湿疣。四价HPV疫苗（佳达修）适用于9至26岁的女性和9至15岁的男性，理想情况下应在开始性行为之前接种，不过性活跃的患者也会从中受益。
