Akça Kivanç, Akkocaoglu Murat, Cömert Ayhan, Tekdemir Ibrahim, Cehreli Murat Cavit
Department of Prosthodontics, Faculty of Dentistry, Hacettepe University, Sihhiye, Ankara, Turkey.
Int J Oral Maxillofac Implants. 2007 Jan-Feb;22(1):101-9.
To compare the biomechanical effect of splinted versus unsplinted mandibular implants supporting overdentures subjected to experimental static immediate load on bone tissue deformation using strain gauge analysis.
Strain gauges were bonded on the labial cortical bone adjacent to 2 Straumann dental implants placed in the mandibular interforaminal region of 4 completely edentulous mandibles of fresh human cadavers. The installation torque value (ITV) of each implant was measured using a custom-made torque wrench, and implant stability quotients (ISQs) were also obtained using resonance frequency analysis. Three overdentures (ODs), 2 splinted (bar- and cantilevered bar-retained) and 1 unsplinted (ball-retained), were fabricated for each edentulous mandible. Two experimental loads were applied subsequently via 2 miniature load cells that were placed bilaterally 10 mm (anterior loading) and 15 mm (posterior loading) from the implant. Strain measurements were performed at a sample rate of 10 KHz and under a maximum experimental static load of 100 N; they were simultaneously monitored from a computer connected to a data acquisition system. Finally, the removal torque values (RTV) of the implants were measured.
Strains on the labial cortical bone around implants supporting mandibular ODs under anterior loading were significantly higher than measured under posterior loading for all attachment types (P < .05). All strain values were compressive in nature, and the minimum strain (-19 microepsilon) was recorded for bar-retained ODs under 25 N posterior loading, while the maximum strain (-797 microepsilon) was for recorded for retentive anchor-retained ODs under 100 N anterior loading. Nonparametric correlations between ISQs, ITVs, and RTVs identified significant correlations only for ITVs and RTVs (P < .05).
Splinting of 2 interforaminal dental implants, regardless of attachment type, to support mandibular ODs subjected to immediate load significantly reduced initial bone tissue strains experienced on the labial cortical bone in comparison with the use of unsplinted implants.
使用应变片分析，比较夹板式与非夹板式下颌种植体支持覆盖义齿在实验性静态即刻加载下对骨组织变形的生物力学影响。
在4具新鲜人类尸体完全无牙下颌骨的下颌孔间区域植入的2枚士卓曼牙种植体相邻的唇侧皮质骨上粘贴应变片。使用定制扭矩扳手测量每个种植体的安装扭矩值（ITV），并使用共振频率分析获得种植体稳定性商数（ISQ）。为每个无牙下颌骨制作3副覆盖义齿（OD），2副夹板式（杆式和悬臂杆式固位）和1副非夹板式（球帽固位）。随后通过2个微型测力传感器施加两种实验载荷，测力传感器双侧放置在距种植体10 mm（前部加载）和15 mm（后部加载）处。以10 kHz的采样率并在最大100 N的实验静态载荷下进行应变测量；通过连接到数据采集系统的计算机同时进行监测。最后，测量种植体的拆除扭矩值（RTV）。
对于所有固位类型，在前部加载下支持下颌OD的种植体周围唇侧皮质骨上的应变显著高于后部加载下测量的应变（P <.05）。所有应变值本质上均为压缩应变，杆式固位OD在25 N后部加载下记录到最小应变（-19微应变），而固位锚式固位OD在100 N前部加载下记录到最大应变（-797微应变）。ISQ、ITV和RTV之间的非参数相关性分析仅发现ITV和RTV之间存在显著相关性（P <.05）。
与使用非夹板式种植体相比，无论固位类型如何，将2枚孔间牙种植体夹板固定以支持即刻加载的下颌OD，可显著降低唇侧皮质骨上所经历的初始骨组织应变。
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