Marcora S M, Bosio A
School of Sport, Health and Exercise Sciences, University of Wales-Bangor, Bangor, UK.
Scand J Med Sci Sports. 2007 Dec;17(6):662-71. doi: 10.1111/j.1600-0838.2006.00627.x. Epub 2007 Mar 5.
Exercise-induced muscle damage (EIMD) is known to decrease muscle strength and power but its effect on endurance performance is unclear. Thirty moderately trained adult runners (24 men and six women) were randomly assigned to EIMD or control. The EIMD group jumped 100 times from a 35 cm bench, while controls did not perform any muscle-damaging exercise. Before and 48 h after treatment, subjects were tested on markers of EIMD, steady-state cardiorespiratory, metabolic and perceptual responses during a constant speed submaximal run; distance ran in 30 min on a treadmill. There were significant changes in muscle soreness, creatine kinase, and knee extensors strength (P<0.01). This EIMD significantly reduced self-paced time trial performance by 4% (P<0.01) because subjects reduced running speed (P=0.02), with no change in perceived exertion (P=0.31). No significant alterations in running economy and other physiological responses to submaximal running were found. However, there was a trend (P=0.08) for increased perceived exertion, which was correlated with decreased time trial performance (P<0.01). In conclusion, EIMD has a significant impact on endurance running performance in humans, and this effect seems to be mediated by alterations in the sense of effort.
运动诱导的肌肉损伤（EIMD）会导致肌肉力量和功率下降，但其对耐力表现的影响尚不清楚。30名训练有素的成年跑步者（24名男性和6名女性）被随机分为EIMD组或对照组。EIMD组从35厘米高的长凳上跳100次，而对照组不进行任何会造成肌肉损伤的运动。在治疗前和治疗后48小时，对受试者进行EIMD标志物、恒速亚极量跑步期间的稳态心肺、代谢和感知反应测试；在跑步机上30分钟内跑的距离。肌肉酸痛、肌酸激酶和膝伸肌力量有显著变化（P<0.01）。这种EIMD使自定节奏计时赛成绩显著降低了4%（P<0.01），因为受试者降低了跑步速度（P=0.02），而主观用力感觉没有变化（P=0.31）。未发现跑步经济性和对亚极量跑步的其他生理反应有显著改变。然而，主观用力感觉有增加的趋势（P=0.08），这与计时赛成绩下降相关（P<0.01）。总之，EIMD对人类耐力跑步表现有显著影响，这种影响似乎是由努力感的改变介导的。
