Obradovic Jelena, Burt Keith B, Masten Ann S
Institute of Child Development, University of Minnesota, 51 East River Road, Minneapolis, MN 55455, USA.
Ann N Y Acad Sci. 2006 Dec;1094:340-4. doi: 10.1196/annals.1376.046.
This study examines longitudinal change using a person-centered approach to differentiate patterns of adaptive functioning from adolescence to adulthood. Data are drawn from a 20-year longitudinal study of competence and resilience in the lives of 205 school children (29% minority). Results indicate five distinct pathways of adaptation: (1) low-declining, (2) low-improving, (3) middle-improving, (4) middle-declining, and (5) consistently high. The study also compares the five groups on childhood risks and resources, and on longitudinal assessment of competence and adversity. Interestingly, the most dramatic changes in pathways of adaptation occur during the period of emerging adulthood.
本研究采用以人为本的方法考察纵向变化，以区分从青春期到成年期的适应性功能模式。数据来自一项对205名学童（29%为少数族裔）生活中的能力和复原力进行的20年纵向研究。结果表明有五种不同的适应途径：（1）低下降型，（2）低改善型，（3）中改善型，（4）中下降型，以及（5）持续高适应型。该研究还比较了这五组在童年风险和资源方面，以及在能力和逆境的纵向评估方面的情况。有趣的是，适应途径中最显著的变化发生在成年初期。
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