Lidal Ingeborg Beate, Snekkevik Hildegun, Aamodt Geir, Hjeltnes Nils, Biering-Sørensen Fin, Stanghelle Johan Kvalvik
Sunnaas Rehabilitation Hospital, Faculty Division Ullevaal University Hospital, University of Oslo, pb 1130 Blindern, Oslo, Norway.
J Rehabil Med. 2007 Mar;39(2):145-51. doi: 10.2340/16501977-0017.
To study mortality, cause of death and risk indicators for death in Norwegian patients with spinal cord injury.
A cross-sectional study with retrospective data.
All patients (n=387) with traumatic spinal cord injury admitted to Sunnaas Rehabilitation Hospital, Norway, during the period 1961-82.
Medical records were reviewed retrospectively. Causes of death were collected from Statistics Norway and death certificates. Standardized mortality ratios (SMRs) were calculated for the entire sample and for causes of death. To explore risk indicators for death, a Cox regression model was used.
During the observation period, 1961-2002, 142 patients died. The main causes of death were pneumonia/influenza (16%), ischaemic heart diseases (13%) and urogenital diseases (13%). SMR was 1.8 for men and 4.9 for women. Cause-specific SMRs were markedly elevated for urogenital diseases, suicide, pneumonia/influenza, urogenital cancer, and diseases of the digestive system. Risk indicators for death were: higher age at injury, tetraplegia, functionally complete spinal cord injury, pre-injury cardiovascular disease, alcohol or substance abuse and psychiatric diagnosis.
The SMRs show that life expectancy is reduced in chronic spinal cord injury in Norway, more for women than for men. Cause-specific SMRs and risk indicators suggest that the high mortality rates after spinal cord injury to a certain degree are related to preventable aetiologies. To maximize longevity in chronic spinal cord injury, more attention must be paid to co-morbidity.
研究挪威脊髓损伤患者的死亡率、死亡原因及死亡风险指标。
一项采用回顾性数据的横断面研究。
1961年至1982年期间入住挪威松纳斯康复医院的所有创伤性脊髓损伤患者（n = 387）。
对病历进行回顾性审查。从挪威统计局和死亡证明中收集死亡原因。计算整个样本及各类死亡原因的标准化死亡率（SMR）。为探究死亡风险指标，使用Cox回归模型。
在1961年至2002年的观察期内，142名患者死亡。主要死亡原因是肺炎/流感（16%）、缺血性心脏病（13%）和泌尿生殖系统疾病（13%）。男性的SMR为1.8，女性为4.9。泌尿生殖系统疾病、自杀、肺炎/流感、泌尿生殖系统癌症和消化系统疾病的死因特异性SMR显著升高。死亡风险指标包括：受伤时年龄较大、四肢瘫痪、功能完全性脊髓损伤、伤前心血管疾病、酗酒或药物滥用以及精神疾病诊断。
SMR表明挪威慢性脊髓损伤患者的预期寿命缩短，女性比男性更明显。死因特异性SMR和风险指标表明，脊髓损伤后的高死亡率在一定程度上与可预防的病因有关。为使慢性脊髓损伤患者的寿命最大化，必须更加关注合并症。
