Gunaid A A, El Khally F M, Hassan N A, Mukhtar el D
Departments of Medicine, Clinical Physiology, and Clinical Pharmacology and Therapeutics, University of Sana'a, Yemen, and Department of Medicine, University of Khartoum, Sudan.
Ann Saudi Med. 1997 Jul;17(4):402-9. doi: 10.5144/0256-4947.1997.402.
The ever-increasing incidence of diabetes mellitus is a cause for growing public health concern in both developed and developing countries. In this study, we aim to explore the special demographic and clinical features of diabetes, as seen in a large sample of Yemeni patients, and to compare these features with those reported in other countries. All patients referred to our diabetic clinic over a five-year period were investigated according to a standardized protocol. Data was collected and fed into a personal computer with a software statistical package for analysis. The relative frequencies of clinical classes of diabetes were 10.5% for IDD, 58.6% for non-obese NIDDM; 26.2% for obese NIDDM, and 4.7% for IGT. In the IDDM class, the age-specific relative frequency rate showed a higher and earlier onset peak frequency in females than in males. Among NIDDM class, about 31% of patients were diagnosed under the age of 45 years, and only 12% were first diagnosed after the age of 65 years. Most NIDDM patients came from social classes I and II (professionals and intermediate professionals) and most IDDM patients came from social class IIIM (skilled manual). A positive family history of diabetes among first-degree relatives of index patients was observed in 33.7% of IDDM patients, in 30% of non-obese NIDDM patients, in 39.2% of obese NIDDM patients and 32% of IGT patients. Female NIDDM patients had a significantly higher mean body mass index (BMI) than males (P<0.0001). Hypertension was recognized in 24.2% of the diabetic population aged 20 to A(3) 65 years. Large vessel disease (LVD) was observed in 28% of patients, small vessel disease (SVD) in 45%, and peripheral neuropathy in 40.7%. Inadequate glycemic control was noticed during follow-up in the majority of patients. Diabetes mellitus in Yemen, especially NIDDM, is characterized by an earlier age at onset, and predominance of males and non-obese NIDM subclass. Other characteristics include moderate genetic susceptibility, inadequate glycemic control and high prevalence of chronic complications.
糖尿病发病率的不断上升，在发达国家和发展中国家都引发了越来越多的公共卫生关注。在本研究中，我们旨在探究也门大量患者中糖尿病的特殊人口统计学和临床特征，并将这些特征与其他国家报告的特征进行比较。对在五年期间转诊至我们糖尿病诊所的所有患者，均按照标准化方案进行调查。收集数据并输入装有统计软件包的个人计算机进行分析。糖尿病临床类型的相对频率分别为：胰岛素依赖型糖尿病（IDD）占10.5%，非肥胖型非胰岛素依赖型糖尿病（NIDDM）占58.6%，肥胖型NIDDM占26.2%，糖耐量受损（IGT）占4.7%。在IDD类型中，特定年龄的相对频率显示女性发病高峰频率高于男性且发病更早。在NIDDM类型中，约31%的患者在45岁之前被诊断出，只有12%是在65岁之后首次被诊断出。大多数NIDDM患者来自社会阶层I和II（专业人员和中级专业人员），大多数IDD患者来自社会阶层IIIM（熟练体力劳动者）。在索引患者的一级亲属中，33.7%的IDD患者、30%的非肥胖型NIDDM患者、39.2%的肥胖型NIDDM患者和32%的IGT患者有糖尿病家族史阳性。女性NIDDM患者的平均体重指数（BMI）显著高于男性（P<0.0001）。在20至65岁的糖尿病患者中，24.2%被诊断患有高血压。28%的患者出现大血管疾病（LVD），45%出现小血管疾病（SVD），40.7%出现周围神经病变。在随访期间，大多数患者血糖控制不佳。也门的糖尿病，尤其是NIDDM，其特点是发病年龄较早，男性和非肥胖型NIDM亚类占主导。其他特征包括中度遗传易感性、血糖控制不佳以及慢性并发症的高患病率。
