Hannas Angélica R, Pereira José C, Granjeiro José M, Tjäderhane Leo
Department of Operative Dentistry, Endodontics and Dental Materials, Bauru School of Dentistry, São Paulo University, Brazil.
Acta Odontol Scand. 2007 Feb;65(1):1-13. doi: 10.1080/00016350600963640.
This review focuses specifically on matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs) and their role in physiological and pathological extracellular matrix (ECM) remodeling and degradation processes in the oral environment. A group of enzymes capable of degrading almost all ECM proteins, MMPs contribute to both normal and pathological tissue remodeling. The expression of different MMPs may be upregulated in pathological conditions such as inflammation and tumor invasion. The balance between activated MMPs and tissue inhibitors of metalloproteinases (TIMPs) controls the extent of ECM remodeling. Prior to mineralization, MMPs may participate in the organization of enamel and dentin organic matrix, or they may regulate mineralization by controlling the proteoglycan turnover. There is evidence indicating that MMPs could be involved in the etiology of enamel fluorosis and amelogenesis imperfecta. They seem to play a part in dentinal caries progression, since they have a crucial role in dentin collagen breakdown in caries lesions. MMPs have been identified in pulpal and periapical inflammation and are strongly correlated with periodontal diseases, since they are the major players in collagen breakdown during periodontal tissue destruction. The use of MMP inhibitors could help the prevention and treatment of many MMP-related oral diseases.
本综述特别关注基质金属蛋白酶（MMPs）及其在口腔环境中生理和病理细胞外基质（ECM）重塑与降解过程中的作用。MMPs是一组能够降解几乎所有ECM蛋白的酶，在正常和病理组织重塑中均发挥作用。在炎症和肿瘤侵袭等病理状况下，不同MMPs的表达可能会上调。活化的MMPs与金属蛋白酶组织抑制剂（TIMPs）之间的平衡控制着ECM重塑的程度。在矿化之前，MMPs可能参与釉质和牙本质有机基质的组织构建，或者通过控制蛋白聚糖周转来调节矿化。有证据表明，MMPs可能与釉质氟斑牙和釉质发育不全的病因有关。它们似乎在牙本质龋进展中发挥作用，因为它们在龋损中牙本质胶原分解过程中起关键作用。MMPs已在牙髓和根尖周炎症中被鉴定出来，并且与牙周疾病密切相关，因为它们是牙周组织破坏过程中胶原分解的主要参与者。使用MMP抑制剂可能有助于预防和治疗许多与MMP相关的口腔疾病。
