Aldana E, Lizano E
Laboratorio de Entomologia "Herman Lent", Dpto. Biología, Fac. Ciencias, La Hechicera, Mérida, Venezuela. fax (+58.
Rev Biol Trop. 2004 Dec;52(4):927-30.
The reproductive and defecating behavior of Triatoma maculata (Erichson 1848) was studied on animals from an university culture in Venezuela. This species does not reach the importance of Rhodnius prolixus Stal 1859 as Chagas disease vector in Venezuela. This study addressed the role of defecating frequency, an index of how dangerous the animals are for the human population, and its relationship with why T. maculata is a less important vector than R. prolixus. Human blood was fed to the insects through an artificial feeding device. The 2nd and 3rd instar nymphs defecated more frequently (Id= 0.6, n=40), and our Vth instar nymphs did not complete sexual differentiation. Fertility was 55% (n=865) and fecundity 8 eggs/female/week (n=26). Egg incubation lasted 22 days (n=477). Female longevity was 51 days (n=26). Intermould time grew progressively from 35 days for 1st to 40 days for 4th instar nymphs (n=40). Mould percentage varied from 0% for Vth to 63% for 3rd instar nymphs. Mortality varied from 8% for 3rd to 100% for Vth instar nymphs. These results support evidences explaining the lesser vectorial capacity and low density of T. maculata in human domiciles, including reduced reproduction and defecation when the animal feeds on human blood.
对来自委内瑞拉一所大学养殖的黄斑锥蝽（Triatoma maculata，埃里希森，1848年）的生殖和排便行为进行了研究。在委内瑞拉，该物种作为恰加斯病传播媒介的重要性不及1859年的红带锥蝽（Rhodnius prolixus Stal）。本研究探讨了排便频率（衡量动物对人类危害程度的一个指标）的作用，以及它与黄斑锥蝽为何是比红带锥蝽次要的传播媒介之间的关系。通过人工喂食装置给昆虫喂食人血。二龄和三龄若虫排便更频繁（ID = 0.6，n = 40），而我们的五龄若虫未完成性分化。生育率为55%（n = 865），产卵量为每周8枚/雌虫（n = 26）。卵孵化持续22天（n = 477）。雌虫寿命为51天（n = 26）。龄期间隔从一龄的35天逐渐增加到四龄的40天（n = 40）。蜕皮率从五龄的0%到三龄的63%不等。死亡率从三龄的8%到五龄的100%不等。这些结果支持了一些证据，这些证据解释了黄斑锥蝽在人类住所中传播能力较弱和密度较低的原因，包括动物吸食人血时繁殖和排便减少。
