Hites N L, Mourão M A N, Araújo F O, Melo M V C, de Biseau J C, Quinet Y
Laboratoire d'Ecologie Evolutive, Université Libre de Bruxelles. Av. F.D. Roosevelt, 50, 1050 Brussels, Belgium.
Rev Biol Trop. 2005 Mar-Jun;53(1-2):165-73.
Although the so called "green islands" of the semi-arid Brazilian "Nordeste" are economically, socially, and ecologically important. relatively little is known about their biodiversity. We present the results of the first survey of the ground-dwelling ant fauna of a secondary forest in the Serra de Baturité (4 degrees 05'-4 degrees 40' S / 38 degrees 30'-39 degrees 10' W), among the biggest of the moist, montane forests of the state of Ceará, Brazil. From February to March 2001, samples were taken every 50 m along twelve 200 m transects, each separated from the others by at least 50 m and cut on either side of a recreational trail. Where possible, two transects were cut from the same starting point on the trail, one on either side. At each sample site two methods were used, as recommended in the ALL. protocol: a pitfall trap and the treatment of 1 m2 of leaf litter with the Winkler extractor. The myrmecofauna of the Serra de Baturité is quite diverse: individuals from 72 species, 23 genera, and six subfamilies were collected. The observed patterns of specific richness show the same tendencies noted in other tropical regions, particularly the frequency of capture distribution with many rare and few abundant species. Differences with the Atlantic and Amazonian forests were also observed, especially the relative importance of the Ponerinac and Formicinae subfamilies, indicating a possible influence of the surrounding "caatinga" (savanna-like ecosystem) on the myrmecofauna of the moist, montane forest.
尽管巴西半干旱的“东北部”地区所谓的“绿岛”在经济、社会和生态方面都很重要，但人们对其生物多样性的了解相对较少。我们展示了对巴图里蒂山脉（南纬4°05′ - 4°40′ / 西经38°30′ - 39°10′）一片次生林地面栖息蚂蚁群落的首次调查结果，该山脉是巴西塞阿拉州最大的湿润山地森林之一。2001年2月至3月，沿着12条200米的样带每隔50米采集样本，每条样带彼此间隔至少50米，且在一条休闲步道两侧进行切割。在可能的情况下，从步道上的同一出发点切割两条样带，分别位于两侧。在每个采样点，按照ALL协议的建议使用了两种方法：陷阱诱捕法和用温克勒提取器处理1平方米的落叶层。巴图里蒂山脉的蚁类群落相当多样：共采集到来自72个物种、23个属和6个亚科的个体。观察到的物种丰富度模式显示出与其他热带地区相同的趋势，特别是捕获频率分布呈现出许多稀有物种和少数优势物种的情况。还观察到与大西洋森林和亚马逊森林的差异，尤其是猛蚁亚科和蚁亚科的相对重要性，这表明周围的“卡廷加”（类似稀树草原的生态系统）可能对这片湿润山地森林的蚁类群落产生了影响。
