García-Martínez Miguel Á, Escobar-Sarria Federico, López-Barrera Fabiola, Castaño-Meneses Gabriela, Valenzuela-González Jorge E
Instituto de Ecología, A.C., Carretera antigua a Coatepec 351, El Haya, Xalapa 91070, Veracruz, México.
Ecología de Artrópodos en Ambientes Extremos, Unidad Multidisciplinaria de Docencia e Investigación, Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Campus Juriquilla, Boulevard Juriquilla 3001, 76230, Querétaro, México.
Environ Entomol. 2015 Dec;44(6):1488-97. doi: 10.1093/ee/nvv141. Epub 2015 Sep 5.
Riparian remnants are linear strips of vegetation immediately adjacent to rivers that may act as refuges for biodiversity, depending on their habitat quality. In this study, we evaluated the role of riparian remnants in contributing to the diversity of leaf-litter ants by determining the relationship between ant diversity and several riparian habitat characteristics within a human-dominated landscape in Veracruz, Mexico. Sampling was carried out in 2012 during both dry and rainy seasons at 12 transects 100 m in length, where 10 leaf-litter samples were collected along each transect and processed with Berlese-Tullgren funnels and Winkler sacks. A total of 8,684 individuals belonging to 53 species, 22 genera, and seven subfamilies were collected. The observed mean alpha diversity accounted for 34.4% of the total species recorded and beta diversity for 65.6%. Species richness and composition were significantly related to litter-layer depth and soil compaction, which could limit the distribution of ant species depending on their nesting, feeding, and foraging habits. Riparian remnants can contribute toward the conservation of ant assemblages and likely other invertebrate communities that are threatened by anthropogenic pressures. In human-dominated landscapes where remnants of riparian vegetation give refuge to a diverse array of myrmecofauna, the protection of the few remaining and well-preserved riparian sites is essential for the long-term maintenance of biodiversity.
河岸残余植被是紧邻河流的线性植被带，根据其栖息地质量，可能成为生物多样性的避难所。在本研究中，我们通过确定墨西哥韦拉克鲁斯一个人类主导景观中蚂蚁多样性与几种河岸栖息地特征之间的关系，评估了河岸残余植被对落叶层蚂蚁多样性的贡献。2012年在旱季和雨季期间，在12条长度为100米的样带上进行了采样，每条样带采集10个落叶层样本，并用贝氏漏斗和温克勒袋进行处理。共采集到8684只个体，分属于53个物种、22个属和7个亚科。观察到的平均α多样性占记录的总物种数的34.4%，β多样性占65.6%。物种丰富度和组成与落叶层深度和土壤紧实度显著相关，这可能根据蚂蚁的筑巢、觅食和觅食习性限制蚂蚁物种的分布。河岸残余植被有助于保护受人为压力威胁的蚂蚁群落以及可能的其他无脊椎动物群落。在人类主导的景观中，河岸植被残余为各种各样的蚁类动物提供了避难所，保护少数剩余且保存完好的河岸地点对于生物多样性的长期维持至关重要。
