Saif Muhammad Wasif, Kang S Peter, Chu Edward
Yale Cancer Center, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, Connecticut 06520-8032, USA.
Oncology (Williston Park). 2006 Dec;20(14 Suppl 10):11-9.
Colorectal cancer (CRC) is the third most common cancer and the second leading cause of cancer-related death in United States. For nearly 50 years, fluorouracil has been the only anticancer drug proven to benefit patients with metastatic CRC (mCRC), and it continues to be the backbone on which most treatment regimens are built. In the past 10 years, development of the topoisomerase I inhibitor irinotecan (Camptosar), the third-generation platinum analog oxaliplatin (Eloxatin), and the oral fluoropyrimidine capecitabine (Xeloda) advanced mCRC treatment and opened up an era of combination chemotherapy. More recently, monoclonal antibodies such as bevacizumab (Avastin), cetuximab (Erbitux), and panitumumab (Vectibix) have become available for use in mCRC treatment in combination with cytotoxic agents and as monotherapies. The addition of these targeted agents to the mCRC treatment armamentarium has resulted in more therapeutic options and improved treatment outcomes for the patients. The prospect of mCRC treatment is ever promising as more targeted agents such as vatalanib are being introduced and as intelligent combination regimens are being designed based upon a better understanding of pharmacokinetics. In this article we review various treatment options, including cytotoxic and targeted agents, currently available for patients with mCRC.
结直肠癌（CRC）是美国第三大常见癌症，也是癌症相关死亡的第二大主要原因。近50年来，氟尿嘧啶一直是唯一被证明对转移性结直肠癌（mCRC）患者有益的抗癌药物，并且它仍然是大多数治疗方案的基础。在过去10年中，拓扑异构酶I抑制剂伊立替康（开普拓）、第三代铂类类似物奥沙利铂（乐沙定）以及口服氟嘧啶卡培他滨（希罗达）的研发推动了mCRC治疗的进展，并开启了联合化疗时代。最近，诸如贝伐单抗（安维汀）、西妥昔单抗（爱必妥）和帕尼单抗（维克替比）等单克隆抗体已可用于mCRC治疗，可与细胞毒性药物联合使用或作为单一疗法。将这些靶向药物添加到mCRC治疗手段中，为患者带来了更多治疗选择并改善了治疗效果。随着更多靶向药物如凡他尼布的引入以及基于对药代动力学的更好理解设计出智能联合方案，mCRC治疗前景十分广阔。在本文中，我们回顾了目前可用于mCRC患者的各种治疗选择，包括细胞毒性药物和靶向药物。
