Woo Jean, Hong Athena, Lau Edith, Lynn Henry
Chinese University of Hong Kong, Department of Medicine and Therapeutics, Department of Community and Family Medicine, Shatin, NT, Hong Kong.
Age Ageing. 2007 May;36(3):262-8. doi: 10.1093/ageing/afm005. Epub 2007 Mar 13.
The beneficial role of exercise in improving bone mineral density, muscle strength and balance, has been documented predominantly in younger populations. These findings may not apply to elderly populations with limited ability to perform exercises of high intensity.
To examine the effects of Tai Chi (TC) and resistance exercise (RTE) on bone mineral density (BMD), muscle strength, balance and flexibility in community living elderly people.
Randomised controlled trial, using blocked randomization with stratification by sex.
A community in the New Territories Region of Hong Kong, China.
One hundred eighty subjects (90 men, 90 women) aged 65-74, were recruited through advertisements in community centres.
Subjects were assigned to participate in TC, RTE three times a week, or no intervention (C) for 12 months. Measurements were carried out at baseline, 6 and 12 months. Analyses of covariance (ANCOVA) adjusted for age, and baseline values of variables that were significantly different between groups: i.e. smoking and flexibility for men; quadriceps strength for women.
Compliance was high (TC 81%, RTE 76%). In women, both TC and RTE groups had less BMD loss at total hip compared with controls. No effect was observed in men. No difference in either balance, flexibility or the number of falls was observed between either intervention or controls after 12 months.
The beneficial effects of TC or RTE on musculoskeletal health are modest and may not translate into better clinical outcomes.
运动在改善骨矿物质密度、肌肉力量和平衡方面的有益作用，主要在较年轻人群中得到了证实。这些发现可能不适用于进行高强度运动能力有限的老年人群。
研究太极拳（TC）和抗阻运动（RTE）对社区居住老年人骨矿物质密度（BMD）、肌肉力量、平衡和柔韧性的影响。
随机对照试验，采用按性别分层的区组随机化方法。
中国香港新界地区的一个社区。
通过在社区中心张贴广告招募了180名年龄在65 - 74岁之间的受试者（90名男性，90名女性）。
受试者被分配参加每周三次的TC、RTE，或不进行干预（C组），为期12个月。在基线、6个月和12个月时进行测量。采用协方差分析（ANCOVA）对年龄以及组间有显著差异的变量的基线值进行校正：即男性的吸烟情况和柔韧性；女性的股四头肌力量。
依从性较高（TC组81%，RTE组76%）。在女性中，与对照组相比，TC组和RTE组全髋部的骨密度损失均较少。在男性中未观察到效果。12个月后，干预组和对照组在平衡、柔韧性或跌倒次数方面均未观察到差异。
TC或RTE对肌肉骨骼健康的有益作用较小，可能无法转化为更好的临床结局。
