Jantunen M J, Reponen A, Mustonen R, Itkonen A, Kauranen P
National Public Health Institute, Department of Environmental Hygiene and Toxicology, Kuopio, Finland.
Health Phys. 1992 Mar;62(3):245-9. doi: 10.1097/00004032-199203000-00006.
The fallout from the explosion and fire at the Chernobyl nuclear power plant concentrated levels of up to 10 kBq 137Cs kg-1 dry weight in the fuel peat harvested during the summer of 1986 in Finland. We investigated the behavior of fallout radionuclides 137Cs, 134Cs, 106Ru, 144Ce, 125Sb, 95Zr, and 110mAg together with naturally occurring 210Pb and 226Ra in the combustion of this contaminated peat in four different power plants. The elements antimony, ruthenium, lead, and cesium were enriched on the smallest particles, indicating that they were in a volatile chemical form, while cerium, zirconium, and radium were nonvolatile at the combustion temperatures. This result confirms the previous finding that ruthenium is volatile in combustion. Although metallic ruthenium requires 2,310 degrees C to melt, some of its oxides melt and evaporate at much lower temperatures.
1986年夏天在芬兰采集的泥炭燃料中，切尔诺贝利核电站爆炸和火灾产生的沉降物使137铯的含量高达每千克干重10千贝克勒尔。我们研究了沉降放射性核素137铯、134铯、106钌、144铈、125锑、95锆和110m银以及天然存在的210铅和226镭在四座不同发电厂中这种受污染泥炭燃烧过程中的行为。锑、钌、铅和铯元素在最小的颗粒上富集，这表明它们呈挥发性化学形态，而铈、锆和镭在燃烧温度下不挥发。这一结果证实了之前关于钌在燃烧中具有挥发性的发现。虽然金属钌需要2310摄氏度才能熔化，但其一些氧化物在低得多的温度下就会熔化并蒸发。
