Ronen Shai, Bortolotti Daniele C E, Bohn John L
JILA and Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Boulder, Colorado 80309-0440, USA.
Phys Rev Lett. 2007 Jan 19;98(3):030406. doi: 10.1103/PhysRevLett.98.030406.
We study Bose-Einstein condensates with purely dipolar interactions in oblate traps. We find that the condensate always becomes unstable to collapse when the number of particles is sufficiently large. We analyze the instability, and find that it is the trapped-gas analogue of the "roton-maxon" instability previously reported for a gas that is unconfined in 2D. In addition, we find that under certain circumstances the condensate wave function attains a biconcave shape, with its maximum density away from the center of the gas. These biconcave condensates become unstable due to azimuthal excitation--an angular roton.
我们研究了在扁球形阱中具有纯偶极相互作用的玻色 - 爱因斯坦凝聚体。我们发现,当粒子数足够大时,凝聚体总是会变得不稳定而坍缩。我们分析了这种不稳定性,发现它是先前报道的二维无约束气体中“旋子 - 麦克斯子”不稳定性在捕获气体中的类似物。此外,我们发现,在某些情况下,凝聚体波函数会呈现双凹形状,其最大密度远离气体中心。这些双凹凝聚体由于方位角激发(一种角旋子)而变得不稳定。