Obrecht J M, Wild R J, Antezza M, Pitaevskii L P, Stringari S, Cornell E A
JILA, National Institute of Standards and Technology and University of Colorado, Boulder, Colorado 80309-0440, USA.
Phys Rev Lett. 2007 Feb 9;98(6):063201. doi: 10.1103/PhysRevLett.98.063201. Epub 2007 Feb 8.
We report on the first measurement of a temperature dependence of the Casimir-Polder force. This measurement was obtained by positioning a nearly pure 87Rb Bose-Einstein condensate a few microns from a dielectric substrate and exciting its dipole oscillation. Changes in the collective oscillation frequency of the magnetically trapped atoms result from spatial variations in the surface-atom force. In our experiment, the dielectric substrate is heated up to 605 K, while the surrounding environment is kept near room temperature (310 K). The effect of the Casimir-Polder force is measured to be nearly 3 times larger for a 605 K substrate than for a room-temperature substrate, showing a clear temperature dependence in agreement with theory.
我们报告了对卡西米尔 - 波尔德力温度依赖性的首次测量。该测量是通过将一个近乎纯净的87Rb玻色 - 爱因斯坦凝聚体放置在距介电基板几微米处并激发其偶极振荡来实现的。磁阱中原子的集体振荡频率的变化源于表面 - 原子力的空间变化。在我们的实验中，介电基板被加热到605 K，而周围环境保持在接近室温（310 K）。测量发现，对于605 K的基板，卡西米尔 - 波尔德力的效应几乎是室温基板的3倍，显示出与理论相符的明显温度依赖性。
