Temprado J J, Salesse R, Summers J J
UMR 6152 Mouvement et Perception, CNRS and Université de la Méditerranée, Faculté des Sciences du Sport, 163, avenue de Luminy, CP 910, 13288 Marseille Cedex 9, France.
Hum Mov Sci. 2007 Apr;26(2):235-46. doi: 10.1016/j.humov.2007.01.012.
The present work investigated the effects of spatial and neuromuscular constraints on the mean states and variability of interlimb coordination patterns performed in the para-sagittal plane of motion in a hand-held pendulum oscillation task. Nine right-handed students had to oscillate two pendulums through wrist adduction-abduction movements. Relative movement direction was manipulated by asking participants to perform both isodirectional and non-isodirectional movements. Participants were required to grab the pendulums either with both forearms in the same neutral or supine posture or with one forearm in neutral while the other one was in prone-inversed position. When both forearms were in a similar posture, isodirectional movements were generated predominantly by simultaneous activation of homologous muscle groups whereas non-isodirectional movements mainly resulted from simultaneous activation of non-homologous muscle groups. When forearms were in dissimilar posture, isodirectional movements were generated predominantly by the simultaneous activation of non-homologous muscle groups whereas non-isodirectional movements mainly resulted from simultaneous activation of homologous muscle groups. Standard deviation of relative phase and absolute error of relative phase were analyzed for each forearm posture condition. We hypothesized that neuromuscular and spatial constraints would affect two different aspects of coordination performance, i.e., pattern stability and accuracy, respectively. Comparison of the results obtained for similar and dissimilar postures suggested that changes of pattern stability were mediated by changes in the nature of the muscle activation patterns that gave rise to wrist movement in each condition. On the other hand, the results also showed that movement direction exclusively affected phase shift. The findings are consistent with the conclusion of Park et al. [Park, H., Collins, D. R., & Turvey, M. T. (2001). Dissociation of muscular and spatial constraints on patterns of interlimb coordination. Journal of Experimental Psychology: Human Perception and Performance, 27, 32-47.] that neuromuscular constraints affect variability of relative phase (attractor strength) and spatial constraints affect the shift of relative phase (attractor location).
本研究调查了空间和神经肌肉限制对手持摆锤振荡任务中矢状旁面运动时肢体间协调模式的平均状态和变异性的影响。九名右利手学生必须通过手腕内收-外展运动来摆动两个摆锤。通过要求参与者进行同向和非同向运动来操纵相对运动方向。参与者被要求用两只前臂以相同的中立或仰卧姿势抓住摆锤,或者一只前臂处于中立姿势,而另一只前臂处于俯卧反转位置。当两只前臂处于相似姿势时,同向运动主要由同源肌肉群的同时激活产生,而异向运动主要由非同源肌肉群的同时激活产生。当前臂处于不同姿势时,同向运动主要由非同源肌肉群的同时激活产生,而异向运动主要由同源肌肉群的同时激活产生。针对每种前臂姿势条件分析了相对相位的标准差和相对相位的绝对误差。我们假设神经肌肉和空间限制将分别影响协调性能的两个不同方面,即模式稳定性和准确性。对相似和不同姿势所获结果的比较表明,模式稳定性的变化是由每种条件下引起手腕运动的肌肉激活模式性质的变化介导的。另一方面,结果还表明运动方向仅影响相移。这些发现与Park等人[Park, H., Collins, D. R., & Turvey, M. T. (2001). 肢体间协调模式中肌肉和空间限制的分离。《实验心理学杂志:人类感知与表现》,27, 32 - 47.]的结论一致,即神经肌肉限制影响相对相位的变异性(吸引子强度),而空间限制影响相对相位的偏移(吸引子位置)。