吸毒者的性腺和肾上腺异常：吸毒行为及不良健康后果的原因还是后果？
Gonadal and Adrenal Abnormalities in Drug Users: Cause or Consequence of Drug Use Behavior and Poor Health Outcomes.
作者信息
Brown Todd T, Wisniewski Amy B, Dobs Adrian S
机构信息
Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD.
出版信息
Am J Infect Dis. 2006;2(3):130-135. doi: 10.3844/ajidsp.2006.130.135.
Abstract
Opiates and cocaine both have effects on adrenal and gonadal function. Opiates suppress the hypothalamic-pituitary adrenal (HPA) axis, whereas cocaine leads to HPA activation. Opiates also cause gonadal dysfunction in both men and women. During withdrawal from opiates and cocaine, the HPA axis is activated which may reinforce relapse behavior. This review describes these hormonal effects and explores the potential consequences, including the effects on mood cognition and cardiovascular risk. Modification of the drug-induced hormonal dysfunction may represent a treatment strategy for drug rehabilitation.
摘要
阿片类药物和可卡因都会对肾上腺和性腺功能产生影响。阿片类药物会抑制下丘脑 - 垂体 - 肾上腺（HPA）轴，而可卡因会导致HPA轴激活。阿片类药物还会导致男性和女性出现性腺功能障碍。在戒除阿片类药物和可卡因期间，HPA轴会被激活，这可能会强化复吸行为。这篇综述描述了这些激素效应，并探讨了潜在的后果，包括对情绪、认知和心血管风险的影响。改善药物引起的激素功能障碍可能代表一种药物康复的治疗策略。
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