Shanks David R
Department of Psychology, University College London. London. UK.
Q J Exp Psychol (Hove). 2007 Mar;60(3):291-309. doi: 10.1080/17470210601000581.
A major topic within human learning, the field of contingency judgement, began to emerge about 25 years ago following publication of an article on depressive realism by Alloy and Abramson (1979). Subsequently, associationism has been the dominant theoretical framework for understanding contingency learning but this has been challenged in recent years by an alternative cognitive or inferential approach. This article outlines the key conceptual differences between these approaches and summarizes some of the main methods that have been employed to distinguish between them.
作为人类学习领域的一个重要话题，偶然性判断领域大约在25年前随着Alloy和Abramson（1979年）发表的一篇关于抑郁现实主义的文章而开始兴起。随后，联想主义一直是理解偶然性学习的主导理论框架，但近年来受到了另一种认知或推理方法的挑战。本文概述了这些方法之间的关键概念差异，并总结了一些用于区分它们的主要方法。
