Oliveira Luciana Butini, Marcenes Wagner, Ardenghi Thiago Machado, Sheiham Aubrey, Bönecker Marcelo
Department of Orthodontics and Pediatric Dentistry, Faculty of Dentistry, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil.
Dent Traumatol. 2007 Apr;23(2):76-81. doi: 10.1111/j.1600-9657.2005.00413.x.
The main objective of this study was to assess the epidemiology of traumatic dental injuries (TDI) to the primary teeth of preschool children and second, to investigate whether TDI were related to anterior open bite and, third, whether TDI are related to socio-economic circumstances in an urban Brazilian population. A clinical examination was performed during the National Day of Children's Vaccination. TDI were classified according to the modified classification proposed by Ellis. In addition to those criteria the presence of tooth discoloration was recorded. An interview was carried out with mothers or guardians. The data collected included mother's level of education and living conditions. The prevalence of TDI was 9.4%. The maxillary central incisors were the most affected teeth. Most children with a TDI experienced traumatic injuries to one tooth (6.3%), while 2.8% had two and 0.4% had three traumatized teeth. The most common crown fracture was in enamel only (68.8%), followed by crown fracture of enamel and dentin (13.8%). Missing teeth following trauma occurred in 10.9% of those with TDI. The prevalence of tooth discoloration was 5.1%. Children with anterior open bite had twice the level the level of TDI compared to those with normal occlusions (P = 0.001). Socio-economic factors were not statistically significantly associated with the occurrence of TDI. The prevalence of dental injuries in Brazilian preschool children was low. Children with anterior open bite experienced more dental injuries. Neither of the indicators of socio-economic status was related to the prevalence of TDI.
本研究的主要目的是评估学龄前儿童乳牙创伤性牙损伤（TDI）的流行病学情况；其次，调查TDI是否与前牙开颌有关；第三，调查TDI是否与巴西城市人口的社会经济状况有关。在全国儿童疫苗接种日进行了临床检查。TDI根据埃利斯提出的改良分类法进行分类。除了这些标准外，还记录了牙齿变色情况。对母亲或监护人进行了访谈。收集的数据包括母亲的教育程度和生活条件。TDI的患病率为9.4%。上颌中切牙是受影响最严重的牙齿。大多数TDI儿童仅有一颗牙齿受到创伤性损伤（6.3%），而2.8%的儿童有两颗牙齿、0.4%的儿童有三颗牙齿受到创伤。最常见的冠折仅累及釉质（68.8%），其次是釉质和牙本质冠折（13.8%）。TDI患儿中10.9%的牙齿在创伤后缺失。牙齿变色的患病率为5.1%。与正常咬合的儿童相比，前牙开颌儿童的TDI水平是其两倍（P = 0.001）。社会经济因素与TDI的发生无统计学显著关联。巴西学龄前儿童牙损伤的患病率较低。前牙开颌儿童经历的牙损伤更多。社会经济地位的指标均与TDI的患病率无关。
