Innes Elisabeth A, Bartley Paul M, Maley Stephen W, Wright Stephen E, Buxton David
Moredun Research Institute, Pentlands Science Park, Edinburgh EH26 OPZ, United Kingdom.
Vaccine. 2007 Jul 26;25(30):5495-503. doi: 10.1016/j.vaccine.2007.02.044. Epub 2007 Mar 7.
Toxoplasma gondii and Neospora caninum are important causes of reproductive loss in ruminant species worldwide. Both parasites cause disease during pregnancy that may result in foetal death or birth of live congenitally infected offspring. T. gondii is also an important human pathogen with the main risk groups including pregnant women and immuno-compromised individuals, although clinical disease has also been observed in outbreaks among immuno-competent people. While the two parasites are closely related there are distinct differences between the two in their interactions with different host species and subsequent clinical outcome. This paper discusses the respective host-parasite relationships in ovine toxoplasmosis and bovine neosporosis and how the immune response may be host-protective, parasite-protective or contribute to disease pathogenesis, and how this knowledge may help in the development of more effective and targeted vaccination strategies.
弓形虫和犬新孢子虫是全球反刍动物繁殖损失的重要原因。这两种寄生虫在孕期都会引发疾病，可能导致胎儿死亡或存活的先天性感染后代出生。弓形虫也是一种重要的人类病原体，主要风险群体包括孕妇和免疫功能低下的个体，不过在免疫功能正常人群的疫情中也观察到了临床疾病。虽然这两种寄生虫密切相关，但它们在与不同宿主物种的相互作用以及随后的临床结果方面存在明显差异。本文讨论了绵羊弓形虫病和牛新孢子虫病中各自的宿主 - 寄生虫关系，以及免疫反应如何起到宿主保护、寄生虫保护作用或促成疾病发病机制，以及这些知识如何有助于制定更有效和有针对性的疫苗接种策略。
