Hislop Andrew D, Taylor Graham S, Sauce Delphine, Rickinson Alan B
CRUK Institute for Cancer Studies and MRC Centre for Immune Regulation, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, UK B15 2TT.
Annu Rev Immunol. 2007;25:587-617. doi: 10.1146/annurev.immunol.25.022106.141553.
Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) provides a useful model to study cellular immunity to a genetically stable, persistent human virus. Different sets of proteins expressed during EBV's lytic and cell transforming infections induce qualitatively different cellular immune responses. The factors governing immunodominance hierarchies and the biological effectiveness of these different responses are now being revealed. Analysis of infectious mononucleosis (IM), a clinical syndrome that can arise during primary EBV infection, has allowed the evolution of the responses to be tracked over time, giving an understanding of the immune response kinetics and of those determinants affecting selection into memory. Furthermore, following IM, expression of the receptor for the homeostatic cytokine IL-15 on NK and T cells is lost within these individuals. This experiment of nature provides a system to advance understanding of immunological homeostasis in humans, illustrating how data obtained from the study of EBV have wider significance to the immunological community.
爱泼斯坦-巴尔病毒（EBV）为研究针对一种基因稳定的持续性人类病毒的细胞免疫提供了一个有用的模型。EBV在裂解性感染和细胞转化性感染期间表达的不同蛋白质组会诱导性质不同的细胞免疫反应。目前正在揭示决定免疫优势等级以及这些不同反应的生物学有效性的因素。对传染性单核细胞增多症（IM）（一种在原发性EBV感染期间可能出现的临床综合征）的分析，使得能够追踪这些反应随时间的演变，从而了解免疫反应动力学以及那些影响进入记忆细胞选择的决定因素。此外，在患IM之后，这些个体的自然杀伤细胞（NK）和T细胞上稳态细胞因子白细胞介素-15（IL-15）的受体表达会丧失。这一自然实验提供了一个增进对人类免疫稳态理解的系统，说明了从EBV研究中获得的数据如何对免疫学界具有更广泛的意义。
