Sander Angelle M, Davis Lynne Cole, Struchen Margaret A, Atchison Timothy, Sherer Mark, Malec James F, Nakase-Richardson Risa
Department of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, USA.
NeuroRehabilitation. 2007;22(1):9-17.
The objective of the current study was to determine the relationship between race/ethnicity and caregivers' coping, appraisals of the caregiving role, and distress after traumatic brain injury (TBI). Participants were 195 caregivers (75% white; 25% black/Hispanic) of persons with TBI who were admitted to comprehensive inpatient rehabilitation at one of three participating centers and were followed up at 1 year after injury. Caregivers completed interview and self-report questionnaires, including the Ways of Coping Questionnaire, Caregiver Appraisal Scale, and Brief Symptom Inventory. Compared to whites, blacks/Hispanics reported lower levels of education, lower annual household income, and were more likely to be caring for an extended family member. After adjusting for relationship to the person with injury, age, education and income, race/ethnicity significantly predicted caregivers' use of the coping strategies distancing and accepting responsibility. Blacks/Hispanics made greater use of these strategies compared to whites. Blacks/Hispanics also showed more traditional beliefs regarding the caregiving role. Race/ethnicity was not predictive of distress. However, an interaction was noted between race/ethnicity and caregiver ideology. For Blacks/Hispanics, more traditional ideology was associated with increased distress. Future research using a larger sample of non-whites and including measures of acculturation is warranted.
本研究的目的是确定种族/族裔与照顾者的应对方式、对照顾角色的评价以及创伤性脑损伤（TBI）后的困扰之间的关系。参与者为195名TBI患者的照顾者（75%为白人；25%为黑人/西班牙裔），这些患者在三个参与研究的中心之一接受了全面的住院康复治疗，并在受伤后1年进行了随访。照顾者完成了访谈和自我报告问卷，包括应对方式问卷、照顾者评价量表和简明症状量表。与白人相比，黑人/西班牙裔的教育水平较低，家庭年收入较低，并且更有可能照顾大家庭成员。在调整了与受伤者的关系、年龄、教育程度和收入后，种族/族裔显著预测了照顾者使用疏离和承担责任的应对策略。与白人相比，黑人/西班牙裔更多地使用了这些策略。黑人/西班牙裔在照顾角色方面也表现出更传统的观念。种族/族裔不能预测困扰程度。然而，种族/族裔与照顾者观念之间存在交互作用。对于黑人/西班牙裔来说，更传统的观念与更高的困扰程度相关。有必要进行未来的研究，采用更大样本的非白人，并纳入文化适应的测量指标。
