Blitzer A, Brin M F, Stewart C, Aviv J E, Fahn S
Department of Otolaryngology, Columbia University College of Physicians and Surgeons, New York.
Laryngoscope. 1992 Feb;102(2):163-7. doi: 10.1288/00005537-199202000-00011.
Abductor laryngeal dystonia (LD) is characterized by a hoarse voice quality which is broken up by breathy or whispered portions. Botulinum toxin injection (Botox) has been a safe and effective treatment for adductor laryngeal dystonia and is currently accepted medical therapy. As an extension of the established treatment program, in 1989 treatment of abductor LD was initiated. Thirty-two patients have been treated by sequential percutaneous electromyogram-guided (EMG) injections of the posterior cricoarytenoid (PCA) muscles. Most patients required treatment of both PCA muscles and improved to an average of 70% of normal voice. Patients who had a preexisting tremor, evidence of dystonia in other muscle groups, vocal tremor, or respiratory dysrhythmia had less improvement. Ten patients also required injection of the cricothyroid muscles and/or type I laryngoplasty.
外展性喉肌张力障碍（LD）的特征是声音嘶哑，伴有呼吸音或耳语部分。肉毒杆菌毒素注射（肉毒素）一直是内收性喉肌张力障碍的一种安全有效的治疗方法，目前是公认的药物治疗方法。作为既定治疗方案的扩展，1989年开始对外展性LD进行治疗。32例患者接受了经皮肌电图引导下对环杓后肌（PCA）进行的序贯注射治疗。大多数患者需要对双侧PCA肌肉进行治疗，声音改善至平均正常水平的70%。既往有震颤、其他肌肉群存在肌张力障碍证据、声带震颤或呼吸节律不齐的患者改善程度较小。10例患者还需要注射环甲肌和/或I型喉成形术。
