The inverted periosteal graft.

The adult human periosteum is known to contain fibroblasts and their progenitor cells, osteoblasts and their progenitor cells, and stem cells. In all age groups, the cells of the periosteum retain the ability to differentiate into fibroblasts, osteoblasts, chondrocytes, adipocytes, and skeletal myocytes. The tissues produced by these cells include cementum with periodontal ligament fibers and bone. The inverted periosteal graft is designed to place multipotent cells in the periodontal lesion with the ability to regenerate cementum, periodontal ligament, and bone.