Soemantri S, Senewe F P, Tjandrarini D H, Day R, Basri C, Manissero D, Mehta F, Dye C
National Institute of Health Research and Development, Ministry of Health, Jalan Percetakan Negara 23A, Jakarta 10560, Indonesia.
Int J Tuberc Lung Dis. 2007 Apr;11(4):398-404.
Tuberculosis (TB) remains the principal cause of death from a curable infectious disease. Indonesia is estimated to have the third highest case load worldwide, but TB prevalence has not been measured for 25 years.
In 2004, 20000 households were selected in all 30 provinces. All adults (aged >/=15 years) in every household were screened for symptoms of pulmonary tuberculosis (PTB). Among those with symptoms, TB was diagnosed by sputum smear microscopy and sputum culture.
Eighty adults were positive on at least two sputum smears (104 per 100000 population, 95%CI 66-142). Prevalence was lower in Central Indonesia (Java-Bali, 59/100000) than in the Western (Sumatra, 160/100000) or Eastern regions (189/100000), but the estimated 225000 prevalent cases were distributed evenly among the three regions. The national per capita prevalence in 2004 was lower than in 1979-1982 by a factor of three (3.1, 95%CI 1.2-4.9), and the total number of cases was lower by a factor of two.
Although the 2004 national survey may have underestimated the prevalence of smear-positive TB in Indonesia, there is strong evidence that it fell markedly between 1979-1982 and 2004.
结核病仍然是可治愈传染病致死的主要原因。印度尼西亚估计是全球结核病病例数第三多的国家，但已有25年未对结核病患病率进行测量。
2004年，在所有30个省份选取了20000户家庭。对每户家庭中所有成年人（年龄≥15岁）进行肺结核（PTB）症状筛查。有症状者通过痰涂片显微镜检查和痰培养诊断结核病。
80名成年人至少两次痰涂片呈阳性（每10万人中有104例，95%可信区间66 - 142）。印度尼西亚中部地区（爪哇 - 巴厘岛，每10万人中有59例）的患病率低于西部地区（苏门答腊岛，每10万人中有160例）或东部地区（每10万人中有189例），但估计的225000例现患病例在这三个地区分布均匀。2004年全国人均患病率比1979 - 1982年低三分之一（3.1，95%可信区间1.2 - 4.9），病例总数减少了一半。
尽管2004年全国调查可能低估了印度尼西亚涂片阳性结核病的患病率，但有充分证据表明其患病率在1979 - 1982年至2004年间显著下降。
