Nöllmann Marcelo, Crisona Nancy J, Arimondo Paola B
Department of Molecular and Cell Biology, University of California, 16 Barker Hall, Berkeley, CA 94720-3204, USA.
Biochimie. 2007 Apr;89(4):490-9. doi: 10.1016/j.biochi.2007.02.012. Epub 2007 Feb 24.
The level of negative DNA supercoiling of the Escherichia coli chromosome is tightly regulated in the cell and influences many DNA metabolic processes including DNA replication, transcription, repair and recombination. Gyrase is the only type II topoisomerase able to introduce negative supercoils into DNA, a unique ability that arises from the specialized C-terminal DNA wrapping domain of the GyrA subunit. Here, we review the biological roles of gyrase in vivo and its mechanism in vitro.
大肠杆菌染色体的负超螺旋水平在细胞内受到严格调控，并影响许多DNA代谢过程，包括DNA复制、转录、修复和重组。拓扑异构酶是唯一能够将负超螺旋引入DNA的II型拓扑异构酶，这种独特的能力源于GyrA亚基特化的C端DNA包裹结构域。在这里，我们综述了拓扑异构酶在体内的生物学作用及其体外作用机制。
