Ferreira Eduardo de Castro, de Lana Marta, Carneiro Mariângela, Reis Alexandre Barbosa, Paes Daniela Vieira, da Silva Eduardo Sérgio, Schallig Henk, Gontijo Célia Maria Ferreira
Universidade Federal de Ouro Preto, Ouro Preto, Minas Gerais, Brazil.
Vet Parasitol. 2007 May 31;146(3-4):235-41. doi: 10.1016/j.vetpar.2007.02.015. Epub 2007 Apr 2.
Three serological methods, indirect fluorescent immunoassay (IFI), enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) and direct agglutination test (DAT) that are commonly employed in the diagnosis of canine visceral leishmaniasis (CVL), have been assessed. A total of 234 domestic dogs, drawn from an area in the municipality of Belo Horizonte, Minas Gerais, Brazil, endemic for visceral leishmaniasis, were submitted to clinical and parasitological examinations and serological assay. Sera collected from confirmed non-infected dogs (n=20), and from dogs with other parasitic diseases including Trypanosoma cruzi (n=7), Leishmania braziliensis (n=5), Toxoplasma gondii (n=5) and Ehrlichia canis (n=3), were also included in the study. IFI presented a lower sensitivity (72%) than ELISA (95%), although the specificities of these assays were low (52 and 64%, respectively) and both exhibited cross-reactivity with sera from dogs infected with T. cruzi, L. braziliensis and E. canis. In contrast, DAT exhibited a high sensitivity (93%) and a high specificity (95%) and cross-reacted with only one serum sample derived from an E. canis-infected dog. The reproducibilities of the ELISA and DAT assays were excellent, whilst that of IFI was considered to be acceptable. The results produced by ELISA and DAT were in complete agreement, those between ELISA and IFI were at an acceptable level of agreement, whilst the concurrence between the IFI and DAT results were either acceptable or poor depending on the clinical conditions of the group of dogs examined. Since there is no readily accessible method for the diagnosis of CVL that offers 100% specificity and sensitivity, the choice of technique employed must depend on the aim of the investigation.
对常用于犬内脏利什曼病（CVL）诊断的三种血清学方法，即间接荧光免疫测定法（IFI）、酶联免疫吸附测定法（ELISA）和直接凝集试验（DAT）进行了评估。从巴西米纳斯吉拉斯州贝洛奥里藏特市内脏利什曼病流行地区选取了234只家犬，对其进行临床、寄生虫学检查及血清学检测。研究还纳入了从确诊未感染的犬（n = 20）以及感染其他寄生虫病的犬（包括克氏锥虫，n = 7；巴西利什曼原虫，n = 5；刚地弓形虫，n = 5；犬埃立克体，n = 3）采集的血清。IFI的敏感性（72%）低于ELISA（95%），尽管这两种检测方法的特异性都较低（分别为52%和64%），且二者均与感染克氏锥虫、巴西利什曼原虫和犬埃立克体的犬血清发生交叉反应。相比之下，DAT表现出高敏感性（93%）和高特异性（95%），仅与1份来自感染犬埃立克体的犬血清样本发生交叉反应。ELISA和DAT检测的重复性极佳，而IFI的重复性被认为可以接受。ELISA和DAT的结果完全一致，ELISA和IFI之间的结果一致性处于可接受水平，而IFI和DAT结果之间的一致性根据所检测犬组的临床情况要么可接受要么较差。由于目前尚无一种能提供100%特异性和敏感性的易于获得的CVL诊断方法，所采用技术的选择必须取决于研究目的。
