Sodhi M, Mukesh M, Prakash B, Ahlawat S P S, Sobti R C
National Bureau of Animal Genetic Resources, P.O. Box 129, Karnal 132 001, India.
J Genet. 2006 Dec;85(3):165-70. doi: 10.1007/BF02935326.
The present study estimates genetic variability with a set of 25 microsatellite markers in a random sample of 50 animals of Tharparkar breed of Indian zebu (Bos indicus) cattle. Tharparkar is a dual-purpose breed, valued for its milk as well as draught utility, and is adapted to the inhospitable Thar desert conditions of Rajasthan typified by summer temperature hovering above 50 degrees C, sparse rainfall and vegetation, and scarcity of even drinking water. The observed number of alleles ranged from 4 (ETH3, ILSTS030, INRA5, INRA63 and MM8) to 11 (HEL9 and ILSTS034), with allelic diversity (average number of observed alleles per locus) of 6.20. Observed and expected heterozygosity ranged from 0.25 (INRA63) to 0.77 (ETH10), and from 0.51 (HEL5 and HAUT27) to 0.88 (HEL9) respectively. Wide range of genetic variability supported the utility of these microsatellite loci in measurement of genetic diversity indices in other Indian cattle breeds too. Various average genetic variability measures, namely allele diversity (6.20), observed heterozygosity (0.57), expected heterozygosity (0.67) and mean polymorphism information content (0.60) values showed substantial within-breed genetic variability in this major breed of Rajasthan, despite accumulated inbreeding as reflected by high average inbreeding coefficient (F(IS) = 0.39). The Tharparkar population has not experienced a bottleneck in the recent past.
本研究使用一组25个微卫星标记，对印度瘤牛（Bos indicus）塔尔帕卡尔品种的50头动物随机样本进行了遗传变异性估计。塔尔帕卡尔是一个兼用型品种，因其产奶和役用价值而受到重视，它适应了拉贾斯坦邦恶劣的塔尔沙漠环境，其特点是夏季气温徘徊在50摄氏度以上、降雨和植被稀少，甚至饮用水也很匮乏。观察到的等位基因数量从4个（ETH3、ILSTS030、INRA5、INRA63和MM8）到11个（HEL9和ILSTS034）不等，等位基因多样性（每个位点观察到的等位基因平均数）为6.20。观察到的杂合度和预期杂合度分别从0.25（INRA63）到0.77（ETH10），以及从0.51（HEL5和HAUT27）到0.88（HEL9）。广泛的遗传变异性也支持了这些微卫星位点在测量其他印度牛品种遗传多样性指数方面的实用性。各种平均遗传变异性指标，即等位基因多样性（6.20）、观察到的杂合度（0.57）、预期杂合度（0.67）和平均多态性信息含量（0.60）值，表明尽管高平均近交系数（F(IS)=0.39）反映出存在累积近交，但这个拉贾斯坦邦的主要品种仍具有显著的品种内遗传变异性。塔尔帕卡尔种群近期没有经历过瓶颈效应。
