Loftus R T, Ertugrul O, Harba A H, El-Barody M A, MacHugh D E, Park S D, Bradley D G
Department of Genetics, Trinity College, Dublin 2, Ireland.
Mol Ecol. 1999 Dec;8(12):2015-22. doi: 10.1046/j.1365-294x.1999.00805.x.
Eight humpless cattle breeds from the Near East, three from Europe, one from West Africa and two zebu breeds from India were screened with 20 microsatellite loci. Breeds from the Near East revealed considerable levels of introgression from zebu cattle, which was apparent most in populations from the East and which declined in populations further West. This nonrandom pattern is suggestive of the introduction of zebu cattle from the East. Notwithstanding the overlay of zebu alleles, it was possible to demonstrate that Near Eastern cattle exhibited significantly higher levels of allelic diversity than breeds from other regions, which is consistent with the view that this region represents a primary domestication centre for Bos taurus cattle. The hypothesis that B. taurus and B. indicus cattle have separate domestic origins is also supported by the survey, a large genetic divergence being apparent between the nonhybrid taurine and zebu groups.
利用20个微卫星基因座对来自近东的8个无峰牛品种、来自欧洲的3个品种、来自西非的1个品种以及来自印度的2个瘤牛品种进行了筛选。近东的品种显示出来自瘤牛的大量基因渗入，这在东部种群中最为明显，而在更西部的种群中则有所下降。这种非随机模式表明瘤牛是从东部引入的。尽管存在瘤牛等位基因的叠加，但仍有可能证明近东牛的等位基因多样性水平明显高于其他地区的品种，这与该地区是欧洲牛的主要驯化中心这一观点相一致。该调查也支持欧洲牛和瘤牛有不同驯化起源的假设，非杂交的欧洲牛和瘤牛群体之间存在明显的遗传差异。
