Bennett Nicholas, Ellis John, Bonville Cynthia, Rosenberg Helene, Domachowske Joseph
Department of Pediatrics, SUNY Upstate Medical University, Syracuse, NY 13210, USA.
Expert Rev Vaccines. 2007 Apr;6(2):169-82. doi: 10.1586/14760584.6.2.169.
Pneumoviruses, which are viruses of the family Paramyxoviridae, subfamily Pneumovirinae, are pathogens that infect the respiratory tract of their host species. The human pneumovirus pathogen, human respiratory syncytial virus (RSV), has counterparts that infect cows (bovine RSV), sheep (ovine RSV), goats (caprine RSV) and rodents (pneumonia virus of mice). Each pneumovirus is host specific and results in a spectrum of disease, ranging from mild upper-respiratory illness to severe bronchiolitis and pneumonia with significant morbidity and mortality. Given the public health burden caused by human RSV and the concomitant agricultural impact of bovine RSV, these two viruses are considered as prime targets for the development of safe and effective vaccines. In this review, we describe the strategies used to develop vaccines against human and bovine RSV and introduce the pneumonia virus mouse model as a novel and invaluable tool for preclinical studies and new vaccine strategies.
肺病毒属于副粘病毒科肺病毒亚科，是感染宿主物种呼吸道的病原体。人类肺病毒病原体，即人类呼吸道合胞病毒（RSV），在牛（牛RSV）、绵羊（绵羊RSV）、山羊（山羊RSV）和啮齿动物（小鼠肺炎病毒）中都有对应的病毒。每种肺病毒都具有宿主特异性，并会导致一系列疾病，从轻度上呼吸道疾病到严重的细支气管炎和肺炎，具有显著的发病率和死亡率。鉴于人类RSV造成的公共卫生负担以及牛RSV对农业的影响，这两种病毒被视为开发安全有效疫苗的主要目标。在这篇综述中，我们描述了用于开发针对人类和牛RSV疫苗的策略，并介绍了小鼠肺炎病毒模型，这是一种用于临床前研究和新疫苗策略的新型且有价值的工具。
