Mohaupt Markus
Division of Hypertension, Department of Nephrology/Hypertension, University of Berne, Berne, Switzerland.
Mol Aspects Med. 2007 Apr;28(2):169-91. doi: 10.1016/j.mam.2007.02.005. Epub 2007 Feb 24.
Various hypotheses as to the origin of preeclampsia have been explored over time. Diseases of pregnancy are difficult to study for several reasons. One limitation is due to the fact that preeclampsia and associated diseases clinically present in the second and third trimenon, but seem to originate early in pregnancy. Comparisons with animal models are difficult due to the unique human nature of the disease. The creation of new methods including proteomics, genomics, lipidomics, metabolomics or mRNA microarray techniques supplement the traditional type of research access to approach mother and fetus. The clinical course will be discussed and pregnancy-related processes, which are thought to contribute to the disease. This includes implantation of the placenta/fetus, the adaptation of the endothelial activity to the pregnancy with respect to relaxin, matrix metalloproteinases and endothelin, nitric oxide, angiogenetic factors and TGF-b in normal and preeclamptic pregnancies. Furthermore, oxidative stress, genetics and hypothesis-generating molecular approaches are considered.
随着时间的推移，人们对先兆子痫的起源进行了各种假设的探讨。由于多种原因，妊娠疾病很难进行研究。一个限制因素是，先兆子痫及相关疾病在临床症状上出现在妊娠中期和晚期，但似乎在妊娠早期就已发病。由于该疾病具有独特的人类特性，因此很难与动物模型进行比较。包括蛋白质组学、基因组学、脂质组学、代谢组学或mRNA微阵列技术在内的新方法的出现，补充了传统的研究途径，以便研究母亲和胎儿。本文将讨论临床病程以及被认为与该疾病有关的妊娠相关过程。这包括胎盘/胎儿的着床、内皮活性在正常和先兆子痫妊娠中对妊娠的适应性，涉及松弛素、基质金属蛋白酶和内皮素、一氧化氮、血管生成因子和转化生长因子-β。此外，还考虑了氧化应激、遗传学以及产生假设的分子方法。
